Earth's Surface Test Review

Transported sediments are usually deposited at locations in which

• the freeing and thawing of water occurs

• the chemical breakdown of rocks occurs

• a decrease in the speed of the agent of erosion occurs

• an increase in the physical weathering of rocks occurs

Which chance at a particular location in a stream usually causes more sediment to be deposited at that location?

• decrease in stream velocity

• decrease in stream width

• increase in stream slope

• increase in stream discharge

Answer explanation

As the stream slows down, more sediment sinks to the bottom and is deposited.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The map shows a river emptying into an ocean, producing a delta. Which graph best represents the relationship between the distance from the river delta into the ocean and the average size of sediments deposited on the ocean floor?

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Answer explanation

As the stream goes further into the ocean, the speed of the stream decreases. As the speed decreases, it begins to deposit its larger sediments, so the further it gets into the ocean, the smaller the sediments become.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The cross section shows a V-shaped valley and the bedrock beneath the valley. Which agent of erosion is responsible for cutting most V-shaped valleys into bedrock?

• surface winds

• running water

• glacial ice

• ocean waves

Answer explanation

Running water usually means a river. Rivers cut V-shaped valleys. (Remember: River has a V, so the shape it leaves is a V)

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

What will be the most probable arrangement of rock particles deposited directly by a glacier?

• sorted and layered

• sorted and not layered

• unsorted and layered

• unsorted and not layered

Which agent of erosion was primarily responsible for forming the long, narrow U-shaped valleys in the Finger Lakes region of New York State?

• wind

• landslides

• meandering streams

• continental glaciers

Answer explanation

Glaciers make U-shaped valleys.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The photo shows a valley. Which agent of erosion most likely produced this valley?

• wave action

• moving ice

• blowing wind

• flowing water

Answer explanation

Moving ice is another way to refer to a glacier, which makes a U-shaped valley.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

What is the minimum rate of flow at which a stream of water can maintain the transportation of pebbles 1.0 centimeters in diameter?

• 50 cm/s

• 100 cm/s

• 150 cm/s

• 200 cm/s

Answer explanation

Page 6 of your Earth Science Reference Table.

Which graph best represents the relationship between a stream's velocity and the size of the largest particles it can carry downstream?

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Answer explanation

The faster a stream's velocity gets, the stronger it becomes. As a stream gets stronger, it can carry heavier and heavier particles.

The diagram shows an area where sea level gradually dropped over a period of thousands of years. A continuous sandy beach stretching from A to B was created. Which statement about the beach deposit would most likely be true?

• It is older at A than at B

• It is older at B than at A

• It is the same age at A and B

• The relative ages of the beaches cannot be determined

Answer explanation

Sediment hasn't been deposited at A since the water level went down, so the sediments at A would be older than the sediments at B, which is still receiving deposits.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2