Half-life, measurement of radiation; background radiation

Background radiation

• exists even with the presence of a direct radioactive substance

• exists even if a direct radioactive source is absent

• can be detected by radiation counters

• can be harmful

What are the sources of background radiation?

• Air

• Rocks

• Water

• Vegetation

What's could be conveniently used for measuring short half-lives in an experiment?

• Nuclei time graphs because they are detailed

• Nuclei time graphs because they half shorter widths

• Activity time graphs because there will be a significant activity to be measured

• Activity time graphs because they have shorter widths

What could be conveniently used for measuring long half-lives?

• Nuclei time graphs because the activity is too small to be accurately meaured

• Nuclei time graphs because the mass will be quickly changing

• Activity time graphs because masses will change

• Activity time graphs because the mass will be quickly changing

This diagram represents a

• GM tube

• Spark counter

• Potentiometer

• Scintillation counter

Which one of these is a spark counter?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Which of the following are dangers of radioactive radiation?

• Sinkholes

• burns

• long term DNA damage

• Cancers

How could you protect yourself from the dangers of radioactive radiation?

• Increase your distance to a radioactive source

• Increase your time of exposure

• Wear lead jackets

• Take nuclear medicine

The Sievert is based on

• the ionizing effects of different radiations

• nuclear quantities

• radiation categorization

• X-Ray Fluorescence

Define half-life

• Time it takes for the activity of a radioactive substance to reduce by half of its original value

• Time it takes for the number of nuclei of a radioactive material to reduce by half of the original value

• Time it takes for the number of electrons of a radionuclide to reduce by half of the original value

• Time it takes for the mass of a radionuclide to reduce by half of the original value