SOL Review: Unit 2 (Biochemistry)

Proteins are formed from monomers (subunits) called

• amino acids

• fatty acids

• nucleic acids

• nucleotides

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

The unique properties of water enable life to exist on Earth. Which of these is a property of pure water?

• It dissolves many substances.

• Its solid form is more dense than its liquid.

• It has a low heat absorption capacity.

• It is slightly more acidic than air.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

Enzymes only work with specific substrates because each substrate

• has a specific activation site for enzyme attachment

• can only use a specific ionic bond with the enzyme

• destroys its specific enzyme

• actively interferes with other substrates around it

Which of the following molecules is most abundant in the cells of the human body?

• water

• lipids

• nucleotides

• amino acids

Unlike other animals, mammals can perspire. The main benefit of perspiring is that it

• cools the skin with evaporation

• removes excess water from the cells

• removes dirt from the surface of the skin

• relaxes the muscles

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Peroxidase is an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide in cells. It accomplishes this because of its structure. What part of the enzyme is involved in catalytic activity?

• active site

• binding pocket

• quaternary structure

• pleated sheet

Which property of water allows many land-dwelling organisms to maintain body temperature by eliminating excess heat?

• water's ability to evaporate

• water's movement by capillary action

• water's capacity to dissolve substances

• water's formation of ions in solution

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Some insects can stand on the surface of water because water

• is cohesive and adhesive

• is a good evaporative coolant

• has a high boiling point

• has a high specific heat

Pepsin is found in the human stomach and breaks down proteins to smaller peptides. What is pepsin?

• an enzyme

• a mineral

• a carbohydrate

• a vitamin

Which of the following macromolecules are a prominent part of animal tissues that function in insulation, helping animals conserve heat?

• lipids

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• nucleic acids