Political Revolutions

How was the Enlightenment most directly linked to the revolutions in America and France?

• most of the leading French philosophes participated in the French Revolution

• French philosophes were the first to recognize the independence of the U.S.

• the execution of the leading philosophes led directly to the first outbreaks of violence against the king in France

• the Enlightenment idea of humans as free individuals caused many to question the authority of kings

The U.S. Constitution, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (France), and the English Bill of Rights impacted governments by

• guaranteeing all citizens pay equal taxes

• helping maintain an absolute monarchy

• the development of theocracies

• protecting individual rights of citizens

Who was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence?

• John Locke

• Thomas Jefferson

• George Washington

• Patrick Henry

The American Revolution and the French Revolution both supported —

• the appointment of a dictatorship to restore order

• an expanded state religion

• increased citizen participation in government

• greater government ownership of property

The ideas of the Enlightenment affected how many people in France viewed political and social issues. What was one way that Enlightenment ideas influenced leaders during the French Revolution?

• Revolutionary leaders strengthened the authority of the Catholic Church.

• Most French aristocrats willingly agreed to share their wealth with the lower classes.

• Revolutionary leaders demanded equality under the law for all social classes.

• Revolutionary leaders immediately abolished slavery in the French colonies in the WestIndies.

Which problem was shared by both American and French revolutionary leaders?

• the opposition of the Catholic Church

• significant domestic opposition

• lack of local resources

• lack of leadership

A study of revolutions would most likely lead to the conclusion that pre-Revolutionary governments

• fail to meet the political and economic needs of their people

• are more concerned about human rights than the governments that replace them

• attempt to bring about the separation of government from religion

• refuse to modernize their armed forces with advanced technology

How did the American and French Revolutions differ?

• Americans cut their ties to a distant monarch; the French overthrew their monarch at home.

• The American Revolution established a democratic form of government; the French Revo- lution never attempted to establish a democracy.

• The American Revolution led to violence and warfare; the French Revolution was peaceful and orderly.

• The French Revolution took away the privileges of the nobility and the Catholic Church; the

  American Revolution preserved hereditary social privileges.

Which Latin American leader was influenced by the American and French Revolutions into lead- ing the fight for the independence of Venezuela?

• Simón Bolívar

• Toussaint l’Ouverture

• Miguel Hidalgo

• José de San Martin

Haiti’s independence differed from other Latin American movements in that …

• It began as a slave revolt against slave owners and led to independence.

• The British landed troops to assist with the movement for independence.

• The United States supported the Haitians in their revolution with supplies

• France and Napoleon welcomed and recognized Haiti’s independence.