Biology Final Exam Review

An organism that enters a life form and causes disease or sickness is a/an:

• macrophage

• pathogen

• vaccine

• antibiotic

The organism that is infected by a pathogen/antigen is known as the:

• survivor
• infectee
• source
• host

Which type of immunity has memory?

• innate
• adaptive/acquired

This type of immunity can be called nonspecific and refers to the bodies defenses that are present since birth.

• resistance

• adaptive immunity

• acquired immunity

• innate immunity

What does invading the host cell enable the virus to do?

• increase its size
• synthesize needed oxygen
• obtain nutrients
• reproduce

A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell.

• host cell

• bacteria

• virus

• fungi

Which is the BEST way to help prevent the flu virus from becoming a pandemic?

• sleeping 8 hours a night
• taking antibiotics
• getting a vaccination
• eating fruits and vegetables

Which BEST compares bacteria and viruses?

• bacteria are smaller than viruses
• bacteria cause disease, but viruses do not
• bacteria are living organisms, but viruses are not
• bacteria have genetic material, but viruses do not

Why do doctors suggest that people get a flu vaccine each year?

• viruses replicate more rapidly over time
• viruses can mutate from year to year
• vaccines are absorbed by the body after a year
• vaccines get stronger over time

Why are viruses considered to be nonliving organism?

• they do not have genetic information

• they are not able to move on their own

• they do not interact with their environment

• they are not able to reproduce without a host cell