2015 Biology Released EOC

What will most likely be the result if all of the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell?

• It will be unable to carry out respiration.

• It will lose water through osmosis.

• It will break down the ribosomes in the cell.

• It will be unable to photosynthesize.

What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both develop from the same fertilized egg?

• differentiation

• natural selection

• selective breeding

• genetic engineering

During strenuous exercise, body temperature increases. The body responds to the increase in temperature by sweating, which helps to reduce the body temperature. Which is demonstrated in this situation?

• excretion

• metabolism

• homeostasis

• synthesis

Before mitosis begins, which happens before the nucleus starts dividing?

• The cytoplasm separates.

• The DNA replicates.

• The sister chromatids separate.

• The homologous chromosomes cross over.

What is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle?

• to use oxygen to produce glucose

• to take in excess water

• to use carbon dioxide to produce glucose

• to feed on herbivores

Two different populations of birds live in the same area and eat the same types of food. Which most likely describes the relationship between these two populations of birds?

• competition

• mutualism

• parasitism

• predator-prey

What will most likely happen if the human population continues to grow at current rates?

• There will be fewer natural resources available for future generations.

• There will be an increase in nitrogen levels in the atmosphere.

• There will be a decrease in water pollution.

• There will be an increase in the number of strong hurricanes.

A sea turtle has washed up on a remote section of a beach. This is known as a "stranding". Stranding occurs when a dead, sick, or injured sea turtle washes up on the shoreline. Which statement best explains why "stranding" should be reported immediately to local authorities?

• The information can be very useful to biologists and managers who are trying to protect the species

• The information can be very useful to protect sea turtles from predators

• The information can be very useful to local fishermen who try to catch fish that sea turtles eat.

• The information can be very useful to tourists who may want to keep sea turtles as pets

A strand of DNA has these bases:

AGC CAT GTA TAC

What is the complementary DNA strand?

• ACG GAT CTA TAG

• TCG GTA CAT ATG

• TGC CTA GAT ATC

• UCG CUA CAU AUG

Which statement best describes the relationship that exists among proteins, DNA, and cells?

• Proteins combine to produce cells, which produce DNA.

• Proteins are made up of DNA, which determines the cells that are produced.

• DNA is made up of proteins, which tell a cell how to function.

• Cells contain DNA, which controls the production of proteins.