Unit 8 Evidence of Evolution Test Review

In a wildlife sanctuary, Aria observes that a lion and a tiger may mate with each other and produce offspring, which does not occur in the wild. The offspring live short lives and can not reproduce. Which conclusion is best supported by this information about tigers and lions?

• Tigers and lions evolved at different times

• Tigers and lions are products of artificial selection

• Tigers and lions are distinct species

• Tigers and lions adapted to different environments

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Elijah and Priya are studying fossils and modern animals. Which of the following observations most strongly supports evolutionary links between the fossil organisms they study and modern organisms?

• The fossil organisms and modern organisms have identical body sizes.

• The fossil organisms and modern organisms have homologous body structures.

• The fossil organisms are hundreds of thousands of years old, and modern organisms have been around for hundreds of years.

• The fossil organisms are found in many different rock layers, and modern organisms live in many different habitats.

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Ava and her classmates are studying the evolution of placental mammals. Using DNA evidence, scientists have concluded that the ancestor of placental mammals diverged from other mammal groups about 160 million years ago. The analysis of which of the following types of evidence would best verify this conclusion?

• behaviors

• cells

• diets

• fossils

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• The fossil has a long body, which both modern amphibians and modern fish have.

• The fossil is larger than most modern amphibians, but smaller than most ancient fish.

• The fossil has some body structures that are similar to amphibians and some body structures that are similar to fish.

• The fossil was discovered near a lake, which shows that the organism needed water to reproduce, as do amphibians and fish.

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• morphology (shape and structure) of the skull

• all fossils shown have a tail structure

• rib cage, although smaller, is present in all fossils

• all of the above

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• none of the above

• vestigial structures

• analogous structures

• homologous structures

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• The embryos grow at the same rate.

• All the embryos will develop identical structures

• All the organisms will be the same relative size as adults

• All the organisms share a recent common ancestor

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• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms eat the same types of food.

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms live in a similar environment.

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms share a recent common ancestor.

• Having similar embryos indicates that a certain protein controls how many legs the adult organisms will have.

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During a biology class, Mia and Elijah learned that snakes such as boa constrictors and pythons have tiny leg bones buried in their muscles. These leg bones are vestigial structures that have little or no known function in snakes. Which best explains the presence of these vestigial structures in snakes?

• Snakes are developing legs for walking on land.

• Snakes evolved from organisms with legs.

• Snakes born with an extra set of DNA develop legs as they mature.

• Snakes have only one copy of the allele for legs in their chromosomes.

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During a biology class, Samuel was asked to identify which of the following does not have bones homologous to a human arm:

• whale flipper

• bat wing

• butterfly wing

• frog forelimb

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