RL 2.5 Text Structure and Effects on Audience

an element that evokes emotions such as worry, anxiety, fear and stress on the part of both the reader and the characters

• humor

• surprise

• tension

• mystery

When the audience feels eagerness or exhilaration from a story generally because an event occurs that they were not expecting.

• tension

• surprise

• mystery

• relief

When the audience begins to ask questions or becomes curious as to what is happening in the plot or what will be the outcome of the plot.

• tension

• surprise

• mystery

• relief

When the audience is relieved of tension or suspense.

• tension

• surprise

• mystery

• catharsis

An effect that makes audiences laugh, or that intends to induce amusement or laughter.

• tension

• humor

• surprise

• suspense

When authors or directors go back in time (through character memories or explicitly) to reveal information to the audience.

• flashback

• situational irony

• flashforward

• foreshadowing

When authors or directors use hints or clues to suggest what might happen in the future.

• flashback

• foreshadowing

• flashforward

• situational irony

When the events that occur are different from what the reader was expecting.

• Situational Irony

• Dramatic Irony

• Verbal Irony

• Pacing

When the audience knows information that characters do not know.

• Situational Irony

• Dramatic Irony

• Verbal Irony

• Pacing

When characters say one thing and mean something else.

• situational irony

• dramatic irony

• verbal irony

• pacing