Principles of Management

The principles of management have been developed on the basis of

• (a) Observation

• (b) Experimentation

• (c) Personal experiences of the manager

• d) All of the above

. The principles of management are intended to be applied to all types and sizes of organisations. This statement reflects that the principles of management are

• (a) General guidelines

• b) Flexible

• (c) Universally applicable

• (d) Mainly behavioural

The principles of management do not provide readymade straight jacket solutions to all management problems because

• (a) The real business situations are complex.

• (b) The real business situations are dynamic.

• c) The principles act as general guidelines.

• (d) All of the above.

Principles of management emphasize on logical and rational decision making rather than on the basis of bias and prejudice. The given statement highlights that the knowledge of principles of management leads to

• (a) Providing managers with useful insight into reality

• (b) Scientific decisions

• (c) Meeting changing environmental requirements

• (d) All of the above

13. ‘Rule of thumb’ refers to

• (a) Use of personal judgement in handling management issues

• (b) Adopting a hit-and-trial approach to resolve management

• (c) Both of the above

• (d) None of the above

According to Taylor, “even a small production activity like loading figures of iron into boxes can be scientifically planned and managed. This can result in tremendous savings of human energy as well as wastage of time and materials.” Identify the related principle of scientific management.

• (a) Harmony, not discord

• (b) Science, not rule of thumb

• (c) Development of each and every person to get his/her greatest efficiency and prosperity

• (d) None of the above

 According to this principle of scientific management, the employees should be rewarded for their suggestions which results in substantial reduction in the cost.

• (a) Science, not rule of thumb

• (b) Co-operation, not individualism

• (c) Harmony, not discord

• d) All of the above

According to Taylor, “each specialist is to be assigned work according to his/her qualities, the employees who possess technical mastery should be involved in planning work whereas those with energy and good health may be assigned execution work.” Name the related principle of scientific management.

• (a) Functional foremanship

• (b) Science, not rule of thumb

• c) Development of each and every person to his or her greatest efficiency and prosperity

• d) None of the above

Considering the fact that it is difficult to find one single person with all the needed qualities, Taylor suggested appointment of a specialist through this technique of scientific management. Identify the technique.

• (a) Standardisation and simplification of work

• (b) Method study

• (c) Functional foremanship

• (d) Motion study

The concept of Work Study techniques includes

• (a) Time study

• b) Motion study

• (c) Fatigue study

• (d) All of the above