Introduction to Drug Interaction

A 70yearold

woman is starting on an acidic drug. The nurse is aware that food and

nutrient intake can affect drug excretion by changing the urinary pH. About which of

the following will the nurse question the patient concerning her diet?

• a) The intake of foods high in protein

• b) The use of grapefruit

• c) The amount of meat and vegetables

• d) The intake of sodium

What types of medication can pass through the blood–brain barrier or the placenta?

Select all that apply.

• a) Water-soluble medications

• b) Medications unbound to protein

• c) Ionized medications

• d) Lipophilic medications

The process that largely determines serum drug levels, adverse effects, and other

important aspects of drug therapy is known as:

• a) Systemic effect

• b) Drug distribution

• c) Drug clearance

• d) Bioavailability

Which of the following is a key process with drug excretion?

• a) Active transport

• b) Passive diffusion

• c) Protein binding

• d) Filtration

Which factors will decrease the rate of drug absorption? Select all that apply.

• a) Higher drug concentration in the circulatory system

• b) Increased blood flow rate

• c) A disease that alters the stomach and small intestine lining

• d) Drug given by a subcutaneous route versus an intramuscular route

The most serious allergic response is called anaphylaxis. Which of the following

patients exhibit possible symptoms of anaphylaxis? Select all that apply.

• a) Teresa has laryngeal edema and pale, cool skin

• b) Mr. Dev has redness all over his body

• c) Mrs. Vilma has marked hypotension and experiences convulsions

• d) Mr. John has been showing signs of acute respiratory distress

What does the lipid solubility of the drug influence?

• a) Schedule of dosing

• b) Dosage of the drug

• c) Absorption of the drug

• d) Distribution of the drug

How would the dosage of a partly proteinbound

drug be altered if another drug

having a higher attraction to albumin than the first drug is administered?

• a) The dosage of the first drug may have to be increased

• b) The dosage of the first drug may have to be decreased

• c) The dosage of the second drug may have to be increased

• d) The dosages of both the first and the second drugs should be reduced equally

One reason it is important for your physician to know what drugs you are taking is

that during a phase of pharmacokinetics a significant drugdrug

interaction can occur

resulting in one drug stimulating or blocking the metabolism of the other drug. What

phase can this occur in?

• Biotransformation

• b) Distribution

• c) Absorption

• d) Excretion

As the nurse caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with hypoalbuminemia,

which effect do you know will occur if you administer a drug that is highly protein

bound?

• a) Increased rate of excretion of the drug, causing the drug to be less effective

• b) Increased rate of distribution of the drug, leading to toxicity

• c) Decreased rate of metabolism, which will delay the onset of the drug

• d) Increased rate of absorption of the drug, leading to toxicity