Variables and Hypotheses

Study 1: participants were required to recall nonsense syllables on 12 occasions, spread over 3 days OR 12 days. Recall was higher when it was spread over 12 days. What is the operationalised IV of the study?

• The number of words recalled

• The amount of information remembered over 3 or 12 days

• The number of days recall took place over (3 or 12)

• The number of days

Study 1: participants were required to recall nonsense syllables on 12 occasions, spread over 3 days OR 12 days. Recall was higher when it was spread over 12 days. Which of the following is the correct non-directional hypothesis?

• There will be a difference between the number of words recalled on day 3 compared to day 12.

• It will be easier to remember the words after 12 days than it would after 3 days.

• There will be no difference in the number of words recalled on day 3 compared to day 12.

Study 2: Post office workers had to learn to type postcodes using massed or distributed practice. Distributed practice was found to be superior. What is the DV of the study?

• The amount of postcodes remembered

• The type of practice used (massed or distributed)

• The number of correctly typed postcodes

• The strategy used to learn to type the postcodes

Study 2: Post office workers had to learn to type postcodes using massed or distributed practice. Distributed practice was found to be superior. What is the direction hypothesis of the study?

• Participants who used distributed practice were able to accurately type a higher number of postcodes than those who used massed practice.

• There will be a difference in the number of postcodes accurately typed in massed practice and distributed practice.

• Participants will type a higher number of postcodes correctly if taught the distribution practice method than the massed practice method.

Study 2: Post office workers had to learn to type postcodes using massed or distributed practice. Distributed practice was found to be superior. What would the control group do?

• Be given nothing to do throughout the whole study

• Be tested at the end on their ability to type postcodes

• Be given both the massed and distributed practice to complete

Study 2: Post office workers had to learn to type postcodes using massed or distributed practice. Distributed practice was found to be superior. What is the aim of the study?

• To know whether certain types of practice help with typing postcodes

• To investigate which type of practice (massed or distributed) is best for learning to type postcodes.

• To investigate and find evidence for the fact that distributed practice is better for learning postcodes than massed practice.

Which of the following statements about aims and hypotheses is correct?

• An aim provides an overview of the purpose of the study

• A hypothesis provides an overview of the purpose of the study

• An aim provides a prediction on what might be found

• A hypothesis provides a prediction on what might be found

"There will be no difference in the number of hours slept at night between participants who consume 30mg of caffeine and participants who consume 0mg of caffeine and, if there is, it is due to chance". What type of hypothesis is this?

• A non-directional hypothesis for experimental research

• A null hypothesis for experimental research

• A non-directional hypothesis for correlational research

• A null hypothesis for correlational research

"There will be a positive correlation between scores on a stress questionnaire and the number of days taken off work due to illness." What type of hypothesis is this?

• A directional hypothesis for experimental research

• A directional hypothesis for correlational research

• A non-directional hypothesis for correlational research

• A null hypothesis for correlational research