Interns' Monthly Exam LE

In this foot deformity, the heel is off the gound

• pes varus

• pes valgus

• pes equinus

• pes cavus

Partial tearing of this ligament occurs at its tibial and femoral attachment and is a result of forces abduction of the tibia in the femur:

• Lateral Collateral Ligament

• Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• Medial Collateral Ligament

• Posterior Cruciate Ligament

The following statements are true of the patella, except:

• Decreases pressure and distribute forces on the femur

• It is unable to prevent damaging forces on the quadriceps tendon in resisted knee flexion

• Increases the leverage of the quadriceps femoris

• When knee is flexed, it provides bony protection to the distal joint surfaces of the femoral condyles

The fibula functions as follows:

• Give origin to muscles

• Act as a lateral "splint" for the ankle joint

• Acts as a puller for tendons passing behind it at the ankle

• All of the above

This ligament is useful in preventing the femur from being extended beyond the point at which the lower limb is in line with the trunk thus ensuring that little or no muscular effort is required to prevent one from rolling over at one's hip joint:

• Transverse Ligament of the acetabulum

• Ischiofemoral Ligament

• Puboischeal ligament

• Iliofemoral Ligament

This ligament supports the head of the talus, and when over-stretched, it will reduce the amount of longitudinal arc resulting in flatfoot deformity:

• Calcaneonavicular Ligament

• Deltoid Ligament

• Calcaneofibular Ligament

• Talofibular Ligament

The only tarsal bone with no muscle attachment:

• Cuboid

• Talus

• Navicular

• Calcaneus

The following statements are true of the plantar aponeurosis, EXCEPT:

• It is firm when the MTP joint is manually placed in 45 degrees of hyperextension

• It is an attachment for intrinsic muscles of the foot and facial covering for others

• It helps prevent displacement of the calcaneus from the metatarsal heads and collapse of the arches

• It is a series of fascial bands on the dorsum and sides of the foot

Almost the whole of the broad sacral plexus narrows down to form a huge branch, called:

• Femoral Nerve

• Obturator Nerve

• Sciatic Nerve

• Saphenous Nerve

Since terminal knee extension requires sacral rotation of the tibia on the femur, initiation of knee flexion requires the reverse action of medial rotation of the tibia on the femur. This action is performed by:

• Popliteus

• Semitendinosus

• Articularis Genu

• Plantaris