AP Psych U2 Part 1 Neuroscience Review

Research on rats raised in deprived environments indicates that

• a boring environment results in less brain development
• the environment has little effect on the development of rats' brains
• rats react very little to their environment
• rats thrive in boring environments and olerate very little distraction

Which of the following glands release epinephrine and norepinephrine when needed, as in emergency situations?

• throid
• pituitary
• endocrine
• adrenal

Imagine you get a paper cut on your right index finger. Which of the following is an accurate list of the brain structures this impulse would pass through, IN ORDER?

• adrenal glands, brainstem, somatosensory cortex, endocrine system
• corpus callosum, brainstem, hypothalamus, motor cortex
• spinal cord, brainstem, thalamus, somatosensory cortex
• spinal cord, brainstem, thalamus, somatosensory cortex

In terms of brain evolution, the sequence of brain regions from oldest to newest is

• cerebral cortex, brainstem, limbic system
• brainstem, limbic system, cerebral cortex
• limbic system, brainstem, cerebral cortex
• limbic system, cerebral cortex, brainstem

A 3-year-old patient is about to have his left hemisphere removed to prevent spread of a brain disease. Which of the following is an accurate statement about how this child's language development might be affected?<br />

• The right hemisphere controls language, so the child's ability to speak most likely will not be affected.
• The left hemisphere controls creativity so the patient might have difficulty drawing and fingerpainting
• Since the left hemisphere contains both Broca's and Werenicke's area, the child will never be able to talk again.
• Because of brain plasticity, over time other parts of the child's brain could learn to speak and understand language

The split-brain patients studied by Gazzaniga and Sperry were unable to verbally identiy the names of objects:

• projected in their left visual field
• projected in their right visual field
• described to them verbally
• described to them in writing

Which brain scan would a doctor recommend for a patient who needs a scan that shows internal structure of the brain, but who cannot be exposed to x-rays because of a cancer risk?

• PET
• CAT
• MRI
• EEG

Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?<br />

• visual cortex in the frontal lobe
• visual cortex in the temporal lobe
• sensory cortex in the parietal lobe
• visual cortex in the occipital lobe

Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the

• motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere
• motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the right hemisphere
• sensorimotor cortex in the temporal lobe in the left hemisphere
• motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere

A spinal reflex differs from a normal sensory and motor reaction in that:<br />

• a spinal reflex occurs only in response to extremely stressful stimuli
• in a spinal reflex, the spine moved the muscles in response as soon as the sensory information reaches the spine which usually the impulse must reach the brain before a response.
• in a normal sensory/motor reaction, the spine transmits the information through afferent nerve fibers, while reflex reactions are transmitted along special efferent nerves.
• spinal reflexes are part of the central nervous system response, while normal sensory/motor reactions are part of the peripheral nervous system