Ecological Succession and Speciation
Quiz
•
Biology
•
9th Grade
•
Hard
Ruben Gonzalez
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20 questions
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1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
Grassland ecosystems in Texas have evolved to depend on periodic fires to return nutrients to the soil and
encourage plant reproduction. Humans have prevented fires in many of these grassland areas, resulting in plant
and animal communities with little diversity. Wildlife biologists often recommend purposefully starting fires called
prescribed burns, which are monitored and controlled, in grassland ecosystems every 3 to 4 years. These
biologists observe greater diversity in plant and animal life in the years following a prescribed burn.
What natural processes are the biologists attempting to imitate?
Biomagnification
Succession
Population bottleneck
Species Extinction
2.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
Which of the following biological processes would most likely increase species diversity in the ecosystem?
Plants release a toxic substance into the soil to compete with other species in the area.
The populations of herbivores increases exponentially while plant populations decreases.
Bacteria present in the soil convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates used by plants.
A species from a distant ecosystem establishes a population and outcompetes native species.
3.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
Why are ecosystems that undergo secondary succession more likely to reach equilibrium faster than ecosystems
that undergo primary succession?
The beginning soil quality in an ecosystem undergoing secondary succession allows for pioneer species
that generate more biomass.
The lichens present during secondary succession break down hard rock material at a faster rate than
primary succession.
Secondary succession usually occurs in ecosystems with warmer climates which allows biological
process to occur quickly.
Ecosystems never reach equilibrium after primary succession because secondary succession always
occurs after primary succession.
4.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
Hydrothermal vents form deep in the ocean when iron-rich magma is released from openings on the seafloor.
These vents spew extremely hot water (400°C) mixed with methane and sulfur. Bacteria that thrive in this hostile
environment form the base of a food chain that leads to colonization by tube worms, mussels, and many other life
-forms. When a hydrothermal vent becomes inactive and cold, the bacterial community that lives in the hot fluid
methane and sulfur dies out. Which organisms most likely succeed the original community in this ecosystem?
Cold-tolerant bacteria that feed on sulfur and iron in the vents
Giant kelp that use sulfur in photosynthesis
Fish that do not need oxygen for cellular respiration
Ocean mammals that tolerate cold and act as top predators in the food chain
5.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
During secondary succession, which of these best describes why decomposing pioneer plants give way to larger,
more complex plants species, such as hardwood trees?
Increased amounts of sunlight are able to reach the ground while the pioneer species are decomposing.
Increased soil temperatures from decomposing pioneer species help tree seeds germinate more quickly.
Increased amounts of decomposing pioneer species remove nutrients that tree seedlings need to grow
and mature.
Increased amounts of soil nutrients from decomposing pioneer species allow plants with more extensive root
systems to become established.
6.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
During ecological succession, how does the growth of young hardwoods affect the organisms living in an
ecosystem?
Grasses and low shrubs are unable to obtain the amount of light they need to survive, so there are
small numbers of them.
The trees provide shelter and food for a variety of mammals, insects, and birds.
In autumn, falling leaves provide a source of energy for decomposers such as fungi.
All of the above
7.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
In 2011, fires in Bastrop County, Texas were the most destructive wildfires in Texas history. The fire spread
through the Loblolly pine trees and scorched nearly 5,700 acres of Bastrop State Park. The majority of the
Houston toad’s habitat was lost, and the Lost Pines Forest was heavily affected. The table below details
descriptions of changes in the population and diversity of species in the Lost Pines Forest. According to the information and table above, which of the following lists the correct order of the ecological succession in the Lost Pines Forest?
I, II, III, IV
II, III, I, IV
IV, I, II, III
III, II, IV, I
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