Kidney dialysis

The diagram represents a kidney dialysis machine. What are the parts labelled X, Y and Z?

• A

• B

• C

• D

In a kidney dialysis machine, which substance will not diffuse from the patient’s blood into the dialysis fluid?

• Protein

• Salts

• Urea

• Water

Which substances can be removed from the blood by kidney machines?

• Glucose, glycogen and proteins

• Salts

• Glucose, proteins and urea

• Urea and some salts only

The diagram shows what happens to molecules of glucose, protein and urea as blood passes through a kidney dialysis machine.

What are molecules P, Q and R?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The diagram shows a simplified dialysis machine.

How do the urea concentrations in the blood and dialysis fluid change as they pass through the apparatus?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Name two components of the blood found in A but not in B.

Name one substance, other than water, present at parts A, B, C, D and E.

Explain why glucose is present at part B but not at part D. [3]