Unit 2 Test Review

A diagram of a plant cell is shown above.

Which Structure in this plant cell do you not find in an animal cell?

• Structure A (Nucleus)

• Structure B (Golgi apparatus)

• Structure C (Mitochondria)

• Structure D (Cell Wall)

Prokaryotes include common bacteria that live in the human digestive system, assisting with the breakdown of foods. Eukaryotes are more complex organisms that live on land and in marine ecosystems. Which of the following structures is not found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Cell Membrane

• DNA

• Nucleus

• Ribosomes

Xavier and Alexis are working on a project that will illustrate cellular organization and function. Which set of structures can be found in many prokaryotic cells?

• cell wall, cell membrane, and ribosomes

• nucleus, mitochondria, and cell wall

• nucleus, cell membrane, and cell wall

• ribosomes, lysosomes, and cell membrane

If an individual has a problem breaking down food for energy for the cell , what organelle in the cell might not work properly?

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Nucleolus

• Nucleus

How does the nucleus help a cell maintain homeostasis?

• The nucleus controls the cells processes and contains the instructions for making proteins.

• The nucleus performs photosynthesis.

• The nucleus regulates what comes into and leaves the cell.

• The nucleus creates energy for the cell.

Use the diagram above to answer the following question.

Which organelle shown in the cell above is responsible for tagging, packaging, sorting and shipping proteins?

• Vacuole

• Nucleus

• Cell Wall

• Golgi Apparatus

Which statements explain the primary difference between the structure of a nucleic acid and the structure of a protein?

• A nucleic acid has alternating base pairs. A protein has alternating peptides.

• Nitrogen bases form the backbone of a nucleic acid. Peptides form the backbone of a protein.

• Nucleotides link together to form a nucleic acid. Amino acids link together to form a protein.

• A nucleic acid is held together by the sugar-phosphate complex. A protein is held together by the carbon-carbon bonds.

Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell.  Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?

• reducing the number of products   
• reducing the activation energy
• increasing the temperature of the cell
• increasing the concentration of reactants 

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?

• The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
  
• The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
  
• The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
  
• The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
  

The process where a substance in a cell moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of   lower concentration without an input of energy is called…

• Active transport
• A sodium pump       
• Passive transport
• Semipermeability