Cell Communication

Signal

• a substance formed of amino acids that binds which a specific molecule, causing the cell in which the substance is found to respond 

• a molecule that is generated when a specific substance attaches to a receptor on a cell membrane and that causes changes within the cell 

• anything that carries information between cells

Second Messenger

• a substance formed of amino acids that binds which a specific molecule, causing the cell in which the substance is found to respond 

• a molecule that is generated when a specific substance attaches to a receptor on a cell membrane and that causes changes within the cell 

• anything that carries information between cells

What does a signaling cell do to aid communication among cells?

• It creates a receptor protein on its cell membrane

• It produces a molecule that a target cell can detect

• It sends a second messenger to neighboring cells

• All of the Above

How does a cell recognize only the signals meant for it?

• It has receptor proteins that respond to light and sound

• It has receptor proteins in the cytoplasm that respond to touch

• It has receptor proteins of specific shapes that certain molecules fit in.

• It has receptor proteins that repel certain signal molecules

How might a cell membrane change in response to a signal?

• Transport proteins might open or close

• Transport proteins might be assembled in the cell membrane

• Transport proteins might leave the cell membrane

• Transport proteins might be converted to carrier proteins

How can a signal trigger a specific chemical reaction in a target cell?

• by bombarding the cell with a variety of messages

• by detaching from a molecule in the cell membrane

• by reducing the permeability of the cell membrane

• by activating an enzyme in the cell membrane

Receptor Protein

• a substance formed of amino acids that binds which a specific molecule, causing the cell in which the substance is found to respond 

• a molecule that is generated when a specific substance attaches to a receptor on a cell membrane and that causes changes within the cell 

• anything that carries information between cells

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?

• The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.
• The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums.
• The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient.
• The water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution. 

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

What is the definition of OSMOSIS?

• Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

• Molecular structure that surrounds the cell and controls what enters and leaves the cell

• Movement of molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient

• Movement of molecules across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Active transport requires _____ to move materials across the cell membrane.

• proteins
• sunlight
• oxygen
• energy