NC or Pt. w/ Valvular, Inflammatory & Infectious Card/Ven DO

Damage to the valves or their surrounding structures can result in abnormal valvular functioning.

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Valves used for cardiac valve replacement may be either mechanical or biological.

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Cardiomyopathy is abnormality and enlargement of the heart valves that leads to ineffective pumping of the blood.

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Thrombophlebitis is the formation of a clot, followed by inflammation within a vein. It is the most common disorder of veins. It can occur in any superficial or deep vein in the body.

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Myocarditis is inflammation of the pericardium. The amount of muscle destroyed with myocarditis determines the extent of damage to the heart

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The nurse is caring for a group of patients. After completing morning rounds, which of the following patients require priority care?

• A patient who is 2 days postsurgery reporting severe constipation

• A patient with a deep vein thrombosis who has peripheral edema

• A patient with aortic stenosis who is reporting chest pain

• A patient with mitral valve prolapse who has lost 2 pounds of weight this morning

The nurse is evaluating patient teaching for mitral valve prolapse. The patient shows understanding of the prognosis by stating which of the following?

• “The prognosis is poor.”

• “Heart failure often occurs.”

• “There are often no symptoms.”

• “Symptoms quickly progress.”

After the nurse reviews medication orders and patient allergies to give warfarin (Coumadin), which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

• Obtain a glass of water.

• Prepare the medication for administration.

• Review international normalized ratio result.

• Document the medication administration.

The nurse is collecting data on a patient who had surgery. Which of the following signs and symptoms indicate to the nurse the possible presence of a deep vein thrombosis in the patient’s leg that should be reported to the health care provider? Select all that apply

• Calf swelling

• Fever

• Jugular venous distention

• Redness

• Warmth

The nurse is caring for a patient with cardiomyopathy. Which of the following symptoms, if reported by the patient, require priority action by the nurse? Select all that apply

• Decreased appetite

• Dyspnea

• Fatigue

• Headache

• Left great toe pain