ES 242 MIDTERM EXAM

Structural elements that may be viewed with the naked eye

• Macrostructure

• Atomic structure

• Subatomic structure

• Microstructure

The stimulus is electromagnetic or light radiation; index of refraction and reflectivity are representative optical properties

• Optical properties

• Optical structures

• Magnetic properties

• Electrical properties

Relate to the chemical reactivity of materials; for example, corrosion resistance of metals

• Deteriorative characteristics

• Chemical characteristics

• Oxidation characteristics

• Resistance characteristics

___are compounds between metallic and nonmetallic elements; they are most

frequently oxides, nitrides, and carbides.

• Ceramics

• Aluminum oxide

• Silicon dioxide

• Porcelain

Include the familiar plastic and rubber materials.

• Polymers

• Polystyrene

• Silicone rubber

• Ceramic materials

___is composed of two (or more) individual materials that come from the categories previously discussed metals, ceramics, and polymers

• Composite

• Reinforced polymer

• Fiberglass

• Reinforced materials

___are used in some aircraft and aerospace applications, as well as in hightech sporting equipment (e.g., bicycles, golf clubs, tennis rackets, skis/ snowboards) and recently in automobile bumpers.

• CFRP composites

• Carbon fibers

• Fibers Glass

• Non-technical Ceramics

___are typically traditional materials whose properties have been enhanced and also newly developed, high-performance materials.

• Advanced materials

• Enhanced materials

• Redevelop materials

• Advanced properties

Smart (or intelligent) materials are a group of new and state-of-the-art materials now being developed that will have a significant influence on many of our technologies.

• Smart materials

• Advcance materials

• Enhanced materials

• Significant materials

___are liquids that experience dramatic changes in viscosity upon the application of electric and magnetic fields, respectively.

• Magnetorheological fluids

• Piezoelectric fluids

• Magnetostrictive fluids

• Electrofluids