Progressive Era

During the nineteenth century, one way political bosses gained voter support was by :

• campaigning for women’s suffrage

• advocating the use of poll taxes

• making improvements in urban infrastructure

• providing public assistance for former slaves

How did the publication of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle contribute to a change in the relationship between government and business?

• Congress created a regulatory agency to audit railroads.

• Government regulations requiring the inspection of food products were implemented.

• Federal troops were mobilized to break strikes by labor unions.

• Laws were enacted that banned private companies from discriminating when hiring.

What was one reason for the expansion of machine politics in the late nineteenth century?

• The rapid influx of immigrants made it difficult for local governments to provide basic services.

• Federal restrictions prevented voters from influencing government decisions at the local level.

• The economy was too tightly regulated to allow urban growth

• Settlement houses failed to help immigrants adjust to life in the city

The creation of initiative, referendum, and recall procedures during the Progressive Era resulted in —

• a system of separate schools for new immigrants

• the expansion of citizens’ direct participation in the democratic process

• a redistribution of the tax burden among citizens

• more sources of revenue for state governments

During the Progressive Era, one goal of state-level political reformers was to —

• limit the use of judicial review by circuit courts

• promote the principle of direct democracy

• prevent party leaders from amending campaign platforms

• increase the influence of business owners on regulatory legislation

Many Progressives opposed social Darwinism because it promoted the idea that —

• people in lower classes were not capable of economic success

• immigration weakened national unity

• the government should take responsibility for the well-being of people

• poverty could be eradicated through increased economic regulation

Which groups were most influential in passing the Pure Food and Drug Act?

• Southern farmers and clergy members

• Factory owners and bankers

• Muckrakers and women’s organizations

• College students and immigrants

The Progressive goal to implement women’s suffrage was accomplished by —

• a national referendum

• an executive order

• a Supreme Court decision

• a constitutional amendment

In response to public concern over issues raised by Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle, the federal government expanded its role in —

• working with labor unions to increase worker salaries

• taking responsibility for the safety of consumers

• setting limits on the growth of private industry

• implementing social welfare programs

The Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor developed in response to the —

• increased need to protect worker interests

• decreased power of political machines

• increased demand for skilled workers

• decreased profitability of the agricultural sector