Eoc review cells

The diagram shows the general structure of an amino acid. Which type of molecule is formed from amino acids?

• lipids
• proteins
• carbohydrates
• nucleic acids

You are analyzing a compound in the laboratory. You find that it is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom. It also appears to be a component of a plants cell wall (Cellulose). How will you classify the compound?

• lipid
• protein
• carbohydrate
• nucleic acid

Many plants have waxy coatings on some surfaces. This coating reduces water loss because it is not water-permeable. This waxy coating is which of the following types of organic molecule?

• protein
• carbohydrate
• nucleic acid
•  lipid

The human body maintains a temperature of around 98.6 degrees at all times. Enzymes are involved in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Which of the following describes the connection between these two statements? 

• Enzymes function best at a specific temperature.
• The body needs to be warm to prevent hypothermia.
  
• The body is kept relatively warm to prevent too much enzyme action. 
• There is no connection between the two statements. 

The major function of ribosomes is to

• Make fats
• Synthesize protein
• Digest protein
• Make sugars

The ____________ packages and processes material before it exports out of the cell.

• Vacuoles
• mitochondria
• Golgi apparatus 
• nucleus 

What is the name and function of the organelle displayed above?

• Mitochondria: breakdown glucose and produce ATP
• Chloroplast: converts solar energy into chemical energy
• Vacuole: Stores H₂O, salt, food
• Nucleus: stores genetic information

In what type of cells would you expect to find many mitochondria ?

• muscle cells
• nerve cells
• skin cells
• sperm cells

Describe the movement of molecules in the illustration.

• Molecules are moving from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. 
• Molecules are moving from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. 
• Molecules are moving from a higher concentration to a lower concentration

• Molecules are moving from a lower concentration to a higher concentration and then from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. 

Large molecules are released by cell by 

• Endocytosis
• Exocytosis
• Passive transport
• Phagocytosis