Friday Biology Retest Check In

A mutation in which types of cells would only affect the organism and not future generations?

• Egg cell and liver cell
• Sperm cell and egg cell
• Nerve cell and brain cell
• Sperm cell and lung cell

Which part of a DNA molecule is responsible for the direct coding of specific traits in an organism?

• The number of hydrogen bonds that hold the strands of DNA together.
• The number of carbons in the DNA molecule.
• The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule.
• The sequences of phosphates along each DNA strand.

Why is crossing over important?

• Increases the number of genes that can be inherited
• Increases genetic variation
• Decreases the occurrence of genetic diseases
• Decreases the number of genes that can be inherited

Long tongues (T) are dominant to short tongues in green tree frogs.  What is the probability that two frogs that are heterozygous for long tongues could produce offspring with short tongues?

• 100%
• 75%
• 50%
• 25%

In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?

• G1
• S
• G2
• M

What is a Gene?

• A segment of RNA that encodes for a protein
• A chromosome
• A segment of DNA that encodes for a protein
• Your genome

What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?

• the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
• the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
• the color of the nitrogen bases
• the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases

What process is shown in the diagram?

• replication
• transcription
• mitosis
• translation

Purple is dominant to white. A heterozygous purple flower is crossed with a white flower. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?

• 100% Pp (purple)
• 50% Pp (purple); 50% pp (white)
• 75% Pp (purple); 25% pp (white)
• 25% PP, 50% Pp, 25% pp
  75% purple, 25% white

mRNA is read in chunks of three, called...

• quadralets
• anticodons
• codons
• capsids