One major characteristic of the Renaissance was the:

• manor became the main center of economic activity

• Catholic Church lost all its influence in Europe

• classical cultures of Greece and Rome were studied and imitated.

• major language of the common people was Latin

A major reason why the Renaissance began in Italy was:

• Few European scholars had migrated to this area

• Italian merchants benefited from trade with the Americas.

• Italian farmers produced great agricultural surpluses on vast plains

• Italian city-states had grown wealthy from trade between Europe and Asia.

In the 1500s, Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses, Henry VIII’s “Act of Supremacy” and John Calvin’s Institutes of the Christian Religion contributed to:

• a decline in the power of the Catholic Church

• an increased sense of nationalism in Tudor England

• the growing power of the feudal nobility in Europe

• a major conflict with Eastern Orthodox Christians

Which change to Christian church practices was suggested by Martin Luther?

• Increasing the sale of indulgences

               

• Installing statues of saints in churches

• Saying the mass in Latin so the faithful would hear it

• Printing the Bible in the vernacular so all could understand it

The major goal of the Counter-Reformation was to:

             

• reinstate the power of the Roman Catholic Church.

• reduce the authority of the absolute monarchs.

• encourage new ideas in science and philosophy.

• reach a compromise with European Protestants

Which innovation had the greatest impact on the Protestant Reformation?

                            

• Construction of a triangular sail

• Establishment of a movable-type printing press

• Introduction of porcelain

• Use of a magnetic compass

What was Martin Luther’s biggest objection to the Catholic Church?

            

• Sale of indulgences

• Priests were allowed to marry

• Church services were only spoken in German

• divorce was allowed

Which of the following does NOT describe indulgences?

            

• pardon from sin

• sold in the Catholic Church

• sold in the Protestant Church

• addressed in Martin Luther’s 95 Theses

The Protestant Reformation led to all the following EXCEPT?

             

• religious unity

• The Catholic Reformation

• Increase in Literacy

• persecution of minorities

Predestination, destination of one's soul decided by God, was whose most famous doctrine?

             

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

• King Henry VIII

• Ignatius of Loyola