Although Kazakh is the official language of Kazakhstan, which other language is widely spoken due to the history of the country?

• Polish

• Russian

• Arabic

• Turkish

After the break-up of the Soviet Union several independent republics gained freedom from Soviet communist control and with that an increase in entrepreneurship. How would this benefit the economies of these independent republics?

• Workers received better training for high-tech jobs.

• Investment in new business projects created growth.

• Industries no longer had to follow government regulations.

• Russian businesses took over government services.

In a communist economic system, such as that of the former Soviet Union, economic decisions are primarily made by —

• consumers and producers

• traditional indigenous leaders

• the owners of major industries

• the central government

Which of the following is true of a market economy, but not true of a communist system?

• Government exercises less control of the economy.

• Supply is determined by the government.

• Industrial production meets government quotas.

• Government determines consumer product availability.

Ongoing violence and conflict within Russian society is primarily related to —

• gender inequality

• widespread poverty

• language barriers

• ethnic differences

Which country is highlighted?

• Turkmenistan

• Uzbekistan

• Tajikistan

• Kyrgyzstan

• Kazakhstan

What is the name of the dwelling built and used by nomadic tribes in Russia and Central Asia?

• yurts

• wigwams

• teepees

• minarets

What geographic region has long, harsh winters; and an extensive history of use by Russian and Soviet governments as a place for prisons, labor?

• Black Earth Belt

• Eurasian Steppes

• Siberia

• Lake Baikal

Which human modification is most responsible for drying up the Aral Sea?

• Redirecting water to grow crops in the desert

• Polluting from nearby mining operations

• Constructing dams on the rivers feeding the lake

What route connects major empires together through trade?

• Silk Road
• Tea Route
• Trans-Saharan Trade Route
• Spice Road