Endocrine System Vocabulary

endocrine glands located at the top of each kidney that are important for the regulation of the stress response, blood pressure and blood volume, water homeostasis, and electrolyte levels

• adrenal glands

• aldosterone

• chromaffin

• none of the choices

condition caused by destruction or dysfunction of the beta cells of the pancreas or cellular resistance to insulin that results in abnormally high blood glucose levels

• hyperthyroidism

• gigantism

• diabetes mellitus

• disorder caused by underproduction of PTH that results in abnormally low blood calcium

pancreatic hormone that enhances the cellular uptake and utilization of glucose, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels

• erythropoietin (EPO)

• oxytocin

•  insulin

• epinephrine

disorder in children caused when abnormally high levels of GH prompt excessive growth

• hypoparathyroidism

• alarm reaction

• chromaffin

• gigantism

steroid hormone secreted by the male testes and important in the maturation of sperm cells, growth and development of the male reproductive system, and the development of male secondary sex characteristics

•  testosterone

• oxytocin

•  insulin

• growth hormone (GH)

organ that is involved in the development and maturation of T-cells and is particularly active during infancy and childhood

• adrenal glands

• thymus

• thyroid gland

• Calcitonin

anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete corticosteroid hormones (also called corticotropin)

• cortisol

• adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

• aldosterone

• growth hormone (GH)

primary and most potent catecholamine hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to short-term stress; also called adrenaline

• oxytocin

• thyroid gland

• epinephrine

•  insulin

tissue or organ that secretes hormones into the blood and lymph without ducts such that they may be transported to organs distant from the site of secretion

• endocrine gland

• growth hormone (GH)

•  insulin

• oxytocin