Europe in Crisis and Absolutism

What does Absolute Ruler mean?

• a ruler who is sure of their power
• A ruler who is involved in all aspects of government and public life
• someone who has to answer to a separate government body
• a ruler who is absolute

During the Age of Absolutism, European monarchs looked to

• Develop better relations with muslim rulers

• Centralize political power in their nations

• Encourage the growth of political farms

• Increase human rights for citizens

Who was Peter the Great?

• This man promoted Westernization campaigns to make his country more European

• This man demonstrated absolutism by building the city Versailles as a way of distracting the French nobility

• This man didn't believe that the average person was intelligent enough to participate in government, which led him to believe that enlightened monarchy was best

• This man thought that humans were naturally greedy and chaotic and would need a large government to control them

Who was Louis XIV?

• This man promoted Westernization campaigns to make his country more European

• This man demonstrated absolutism by building Versailles as a way of distracting the French nobility

• This man believed that humans were naturally good and would not need a large government to rule over them.

• This man did not believe that the average person was intelligent enough to participate in government, which led him to believe that an enlightened monarchy was best.

The English Bill of Rights

• created a constitutional monarchy.

• resolved all of England's seventeenth-century religious questions.

• reaffirmed the divine-right theory of kingship while limiting the king's power.

• confirmed the king's right to raise standing armies without parliamentary consent.

The enlightened legal reforms expressed by Catherine the Great in her Instruction

• succeeded in abolishing serfdom in all of Russia.

• succeeded in establishing an equal system of law for all Russian citizens.

• instigated changes in Russian government that sapped the power of the old nobility.

• supported equality before the law, questioned serfdom, torture and capital punishment.

During the reign of Charles I of England,

• the English Civil War occurred.

• Oliver Cromwell emerged as the new military leader.

• Parliament was dissolved.

• All of the above

The economic theory based on a country's ability to export more goods than import which contributed to the rise of absolutism was

• capitalism.

• laissez faire economics.

• mercantilism.

• socialism.

The primary goal of most of Europe's absolute monarchs was to

• support political freedom for the new middle classes
• prevent contact with areas beyond Europe's borders
• centralize their political control over their nations
• maintain peaceful relations with neighboring nations

The theory justifying a monarch's rule by God's authority is called

• laissez-faire
• totalitarianism
• predestination
• divine right