A-level Memory - Forgetting

Interference is an explanation for forgetting from which memory store?

• Sensory register

• Iconic memory

• Echoic memory

• Long-term memory

Proactive interference occurs when...

• Newer memories cause forgetting of older ones

• Memories fade over time

• Older memories cause forgetting of newer memories

• We don't have the right information to trigger our memories

Which of the following situations make interference more likely?

• When two instances of learning are similar

• When two instances of learning are meaningful

• When two instances of learning are different

• When the time between two instances of learning is short

Which of the following is the best example of retroactive interference?

• A student revises for her Spanish exam, then her French exam and has trouble recalling Spanish

• A student revises for her Spanish exam, then her French exam and has trouble recalling her French

• You have a new mobile number but keep telling people your old one

• You accidently call your new boyfriend by your old boyfriends name

Retrieval failure occurs when...

• Information disappears and is no longer available

• Information was never encoding in long-term memory in the first place

• We don't have the right cues to recall a memory

• We have a lot of relevant cues and we pay attention to them

Being drunk when you learn something and when you recall it is an example of which kind of cue?

• State-dependent

• Cue-dependent

• Context-dependent

• Memory-dependent

Godden and Baddeley found lower levels of recall when...

• Learning and recall both took place underwater

• Learning and recall both took place on land

• Recall took place only a short time after learning

• Learning took place on land and recall underwater

Tulving's encoding specificity principle states that forgetting is likely when...

• A cue present when we learn something is present when we retrieve it

• A cue present when we learn something is absent when we try to retrieve it

• Retrieving information happens very soon after we learn it

• Two sets of information are very different

Which statement is the non-directional hypothesis?

• To investigate whether there is a gender difference in judging the speed of a car.

• Males are more accurate in judging the speed of a car than females.

• There is a difference in accuracy of judging the speed of a car between males and females.

• Females are more accurate at judging the speed of a car than males.

An experiment investigated whether close proximity to strangers increased heart rate. The DV would be...

• Proximity to strangers

• The strangers

• Heart rate

• The participants