Amanda learns that some species of algae share the characteristics of being single-celled and producing sugar by photosynthesis. These species of algae fall into the category of which of the following kingdoms?

• Animalia

• Fungi

• Plantae

• Protista

Select all cell structures that are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

• plasma membrane

• ribosomes

• nucleus

• cytoplasm

cell walls

eukaryotic

heterotrophic

usually multicellular

Which characteristic BEST indicates that the organism in question above is a fungus, not a plant?

• Cell walls

• Eukaryotic

• Heterotrophic

• Usually multicellular

Read the passage "Scientific Names".

SCIENTIFIC NAMES

Long ago, when humans first started to name organisms, every group of people had a different name for the same living thing. Many years later, scientists fixed this problem by giving every living thing a scientific name that would be known worldwide. For example, in English we call a certain bird a "bald eagle." In Spanish, the same bird is called "águila calva." However, scientists around the world know the bird by its scientific name: Haliaeetus leucocephalus.

Why is assigning scientific names to living things important?

• It helps identify where the living thing was first found in the world.

• It stops the use of common names like "bald eagle" and "águila calva."

• It helps scientists identify the same living thing, even in a different language.

• It prevents scientists from using the same organisms to replicate experiments.

What term refers to a person who identifies and classifies organisms?

• taxidermist

• taxonomist

• florist

• agronomist

Which of the following statements about archaea and bacteria is true?

• Neither is single-celled.

• They both have nuclear membranes

• Neither reproduces by binary fission.

• They both lack a nuclear membrane.

As environments change, some organisms become endosymbiotic, which is to say, organisms are able to live within the body or cells of another organism. Which feature of protists is probably endosymbiotic in origin?

• cysts

• microtubules

• nucleus

• mitochondria

Which organelles do scientists believe originated by symbiotic relationships between primitive eukaryotes and certain prokaryotes?

• nuclei and mitochondria

• chloroplasts and mitochondria

• vacuoles and Golgi apparatus

• storage vesicles and thylakoids

What were the ancestors of mitochondria according to the endosymbiotic theory?

• aerobic eukaryotes

• aerobic bacteria

• anaerobic bacteria

• chloroplasts

The table below provides information about nutrition and cellular structure for organisms in different kingdoms.

What information best completes the table?

• autotrophic, no, unicellular

• autotrophic, yes, multicellular

• heterotrophic, no, unicellular

• heterotrophic, yes, multicellular