Enlightenment and Revolutions

The intellectual movement in which philosophers debated changes in relationships between people, governments, and power structures was known as:

• The Renaissance

• The Reformation

• The Scientific Revolution

• The Enlightenment

Which of the following was most likely to advocated for change during the Enlightenment?

• Educated Upper-classes

• The Clergy

• The Monarchy

• The Nobility

Which philosopher/Enlightenment thinker advocated for separation of powers and checks and balances in government?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

Which Enlightenment philosopher advocated for government's duty to protect inalienable rights as part of the social contract?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

Which Enlightenment Philosopher's ideas were heavily relied upon by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

What did it mean to be "conservative" during the Enlightenment and Revolutionary period?

• To advocate for societal equality

• to maintain existing power structures in government

• To advocate for limited monarchies with Constitutions

• To redistribute and collectivize land

What did it mean to be "radical" during the Enlightenment/Revolutionary Period?

• Supporting the Monarchy in both a political and military capacity

• Creating an extensive Empire ruled by Nobility

• Using or advocating violence to replace existing Monarchies with Republics

• Invading other countries to overthrow their monarchies

What percentage of the population made up the third estate in France?

• 1%

• 2%

• 10%

• 97%

In France, which group of people were wealthy, well-educated, but NOT in the 2nd estate?

• Feudal Vassals

• Bourgeoise

• Artisans

• Sans-Culottes

Rising amounts of debt from wars and extravagant court spending resulted in:

• King Louis XVI marrying a wife from a wealthy family that could support his extravagant lifestyle

• King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette living like peasants

• King Louis XVI confiscating church property

• King Louis XVI calling the Estates General to raise taxes