Case Study:

What is the disease or infection name?

• Listeriosis

• Legionellosis or Legionnaire's disease

• Legionella pneumophila

What is the name of the pathogen?

• Legionella pneumophila

• Legionellosis or Legionnaire's disease

• Listeriosis

Symptoms of the disease include:

• Cough, fever or chills

• Shortness of breath

• Confusion, headache, muscle/body ache

• Fatigue, coma

• Nausea or vomiting

True or false: surface coats that inhibit phagocytosis are a virulence factor of legionellosis

True or false: Factors that initiate a hyperactive innate immune response by creating a cytokine storm, which consequently can lead to dampening of T-cell mediated antiviral functions are a virulence factor of legionellosis.

True or false: pili that ensure attachment and prevent dislocation by mucociliary clearance are a virulence factor of legionellosis.

True or false: spike proteins that facilitate host cell invasion and escape from detection are a virulence factor of legionellosis.

True or false: The immune system mounts a cell-mediated reaction in which macrophages attach to the outer walls of the bacteria for active phagocytosis. The engulfed bacteria proliferate within the macrophages. This is a virulence factor of legionellosis.

What treatments approved by the FDA for legionellosis?

• Azithromycin

• Regeneron

• Inmazeb

• Ebanga

• Remdesivir

What type of organism is L. pneumophila?

• Bacteria

• Protozoa

• Virus