Entropy Predictions

Entropy increases from solid, liquid to gas. Why?

• Molecular disorder increases
• Molecular randomness decreases
• Molecules are more energetic
• Molecules are more reactive

Which represents a decrease in entropy?

• sublimation of CO₂

• boiling water

• condensation of steam on cold glass

• NaCl dissolving in water

The entropy will usually increase when

• a molecule is broken into two or more smaller molecules

• a reaction occurs that results in an increase in the number of moles of gas

• a solid changes to a liquid

• all of these

Systems in nature tend to undergo changes toward

• lower energy and less disorder

• lower energy and more disorder

• higher energy and less disorder

• higher energy and more disorder

Which sample has the lowest entropy?

HINT - Look at the phase of each chemical....

• 1 mole of KNO₃(l)

• 1 mole of KNO₃(s)

• 1 mole of H₂O(l)

• 1 mole of H₂O(g)

Which phase of matter has the greatest motion and least orderly arrangement?

• solid
• liquid
• gas

Which phase change represents a decrease in entropy?

• solid to liquid

• gas to liquid

• liquid to gas

• solid to gas

Entropy always increases when

• enthalpy decreases.
• temperature decreases.
• temperature increases.
• volume increases.

Entropy is a measure of

• accuracy

• precision

• the disorder of a system

• the attraction of a nucleus for an electron

Given the change of phase:

CO₂(g) —> CO₂(s)

As CO₂(g) changes to CO₂(s), the entropy of the system

• decreases

• increases

• remains the same