Energy, Water, & Climate Exam Review

The graph shows the yearly air temperature and precipitation of a location on Earth.

This location would be most likely at a latitude of

• $0\degree$

• $35\degree S$

• $50\degree N$

• $90\degree N$

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which combination of climate factors generally results in the coldest temperatures?

• low elevation and low latitude

• low elevation and high latitude

• high elevation and low latitude

• high elevation and high latitude

Base your answer to the following question on the map, which shows an imaginary continent on Earth. Arrows represent prevailing wind directions. Letters A through D represent locations on the continent. Locations A and B are at the same latitude and at the same elevation at the base of the mountains.

The climate at location C is much drier than at location D. This difference is best explained by the fact that location C is located

• farther from any mountain range

• closer to a large body of water

• at a latitude that experiences longer average annual daylight

• at a latitude where air is sinking and surface winds diverge

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The map shows average annual temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit across the United States.

Which climatic factor is most important in determining the pattern shown in the eastern half of the United States?

• ocean currents

• mountain barriers

• elevation above sea level

• latitude

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The cross section represents a prevailing wind flow that causes different climates on the windward and leeward sides of a mountain range.

Compared to the temperature and moisture of the air rising on the windward side, the temperature and moisture of the air descending at the same altitude on the leeward side will be

• warmer and drier

• warmer and wetter

• cooler and drier

• cooler and wetter

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which ocean current brings warm water to the southeastern coast of Africa?

• Agulhas Current

• Benguela Current

• West Australian Current

• Equatorial Countercurrent

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

During explosive volcanic eruptions, large amounts of ash entering Earth’s atmosphere often rise to an altitude of 20 kilometers. What is the most likely effect of this ash cloud?

• a decrease in the insolation reaching Earth’s surface

• a decrease in the thickness of Earth’s stratosphere layer

• an increase in the insolation reaching Earth’s surface

• an increase in the thickness of Earth’s stratosphere layer

Which diagram best represents how greenhouse gases in our atmosphere trap heat energy?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-5

The Earth's planetary winds are deflected as a result of the Earth's

• revolution around the sun

• seasonal changes

• rotation on its axis

• tilted axis

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Two cities are located at the same latitude and elevation. One city, located in the center of the United States, has cooler winters and warmer summers than the other city, which is located near the coast. Which statement best explains these seasonal differences?

• The air over continents is drier than the air over oceans.

• Cold air masses usually originate over continents.

• A large body of water modifies coastal air temperatures.

• Warm ocean currents flow along most coastlines.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6