CH 7: Long-term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation

Amelia's mom calls and asks Amelia to pick her up at 23 Washington Road. To remember this, Amelia repeats "23 Washington Road" over and over, until Amelia is able to write it down on a piece of paper. This is an example of...

• Maintenance rehearsal

• Elaborative rehearsal

• Levels of Processing Theory

• Self-reference Effect

When Danika first met her colleague, she noted that he has the same name as her Uncle. Now Danika always remembers his name. This is BEST explained by...

• types of rehearsal

• self-reference effect

• generation effect

• retrieval practice

People are more likely to recall this ad by the American Red Cross due to

• self-reference effect

• generation effect

• desirable difficulties theory

• elaborative rehearsal

Which of the following is an example of a retrieval cue?

• Forgetting to bring your notebook to class

• Making flashcards to study for your exam

• Repeating "fruit" over and over, so you don't forget to stop and buy fruit after work

• Remembering you have to buy fruit after seeing your friend pull an apple out of their bag

You decide to study for your exam outside because the weather was nice. Based on this knowledge, which of the following should lead to the best performance on your exam?

• Taking the exam outside, since you studied outside

• Taking the exam inside, since you studied outside

• Taking the exam outside, because the fresh air boosts memory

• Taking the exam inside, because fresh air is bad for memory

Memory tends to be best when our internal states are congruent during retrieval and encoding. This is referred to as...

• encoding specificity

• state-dependent memory

• transfer-appropriate processing

• desirable difficulties theory

Testing yourself on information tends to lead to better long-term memory than restudying (i.e., rereading) the information. This is referred to as...

• desirable difficulties theory

• the reviewing effect

• the testing effect

• the illusion of knowing

The "levels" in levels-of-processing theory refer to:

• how deeply information is processed

• the color and shape of items

• whether information is spoken or seen

• the number of items to be remembered

To help remember the levels of biological classification, James taught his students the sentence “King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti” (Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species). This is an example of:

• the Generation Effect

• a Mnemonic

• the Self-reference effect

• Consolidation

Abigail and Kathryn decide to quiz themselves on the material for their next exam. Abigail asks herself easy questions that she can answer immediately, whereas Kathryn asks herself harder questions that requires some thinking to arrive at the correct answer. According to the desirable difficulties theory...

• Kathryn should do better on the upcoming exam

• Abigail should do better on the upcoming exam

• Kathryn and Abigail should both do well on the upcoming exam

• Kathryn and Abigail will both not do well on the exam, because quizzing is not a useful study strategy