Spanish Colonization and Labor, Slavery, and Caste TEST

An example of “syncretism” is

• elements of Pueblo and Spanish cuisine fusing together

• elements of Pueblo and Spanish trading practices fusing together

• elements of Pueblo religion and Catholicism fusing together

“Mestizo” refers to people who are

• a combination of African and Asian in origin

• descendants of native South Americans

• are a combination of Native American and European in origin

Francisco Vasquez de Coronado found neither gold nor silver on his expeditions into what is today Mexico and the American Southwest. What wonders did he find, however?

• The great city of Cahokia, where he was given endless gifts of corn

• The Grand Canyon and the Colorado River; members of his expedition were the first Europeans to see either of them

• The Seven Cities of Gold in New Mexico (though he wasn’t allowed to touch them)

What was an effect of Hernando de Soto’s expeditions into what is today the Southeastern United States?

• De Soto’s expedition spread Eurasian diseases into the interior of the country, inadvertently killing thousands of Native people

• De Soto’s expedition convinced the Native American tribes living in the area, including Seminoles and Cherokees, to band together against future European incursions

• De Soto’s discovery of the Fountain of Youth led Florida to become a popular place to retire

Bartolomé de las Casas was a Spanish planter and slaveholder on the island of Hispaniola, in what is today the Dominican Republic. How did de las Casas come to feel about the encomienda system?

• He opposed it, because it interfered with his business; he had a slave-trading business that primarily trafficked in African people

• He came to oppose and protest the encomienda system as immoral, writing A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies; he would later become a Dominican friar and urge Carlos V to abolish encomiendas

• He was one of its staunchest defenders, writing a book called A Brief History of the Glories of Imperial Spain; he would later be made a hidalgo by Carlos V

Hernán Cortés was a Spanish explorer and military leader, also known as a:

• Xocolatl

• Cacique

• Conquistador

What did 1494’s Treaty of Tordesillas accomplish for the Portuguese?

• It ended the Eighty Years’ War, freeing up Portugal’s navy and allowing the nation’s sailors to explore instead of fight

• It gave Portugal the right to lay claim to nearly all of South America

• It created a vertical line through South America, giving Portugal the claim to the east coast of what is today Brazil

What is Francisco Pizarro best known for accomplishing in Incan Peru?

• He discovered the thriving arts colony of Machu Picchu

• He conquered the Incan empire, ransomed the emperor Atahualpa, and then had him executed

• He established a trading post in Cuzco, and introduced the potato to Europe

What was the purpose of the Pueblo uprising?

• The Pueblo people aimed to reclaim their land and cultural practices from the Spanish

• The Spanish aimed to take cultural practices and foods from the Pueblo people back to Spain

• The Pueblo people aimed to convert the Spanish to their religion

What distinguished the Roanoke colony from other colonies along the Eastern seaboard?

• It was by far the wealthiest and most successful of the Virginia colonies

• It was the first English colony in the New World; the colony dissolved under mysterious circumstances

• George Washington’s grandfather, Lawrence Washington, founded the colony