Patterns & Mechanisms of Evolution Review

A type of genetic drift in which small groups of organisms separate from a larger population and form new small colonies.

• Gene Flow

• Founder Effect

• Natural Selection

• Artificial Selection

The exchange of genes between two populations.

• Genetic Drift

• Founder Effect

• Gene Flow

• Genetic Recombination

This term refers to the total genetic information found in a population; the complete collection of all the alleles found in a population

• Gene library

• Genome

• Gene pool

• Allele pool

This is one of the mechanisms of evolution; it is a continuous process in which organisms with traits that make them better-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than organisms without such adaptations

• Directional selection

• Microevolution

• Gene flow / genetic drift

• Natural selection

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This occurs when a large population is drastically reduced by an event such as a natural disaster; the population's new gene pool only contains alleles from the survivors

• Founder effect

• Bottleneck effect

• Meteor effect

• Natural selection

Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop
• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
• benefits for the individual, not for the population
• Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

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A small group of squirrels gets separates them from the rest of the population due to a large flood. These squirrels, now confined to this new island, begin to start a new population. This is an example of which of the following?

• Founder effect

• Bottleneck effect

• Natural Selection

• Gene Flow

Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...

• random chance
• natural selection
• non-random mating (sexual selection)
• artificial selection

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The idea that species diverge in bursts of relatively rapid change and then remain stable for relatively long periods is known as

• punctuated equilibrium

• gradual equilibrium

• punctuated evolution

• punctuated speciation

What is convergent evolution?

• evolution toward similar traits in unrelated species
• evolution toward different traits in closely related species
• elimination of a species from Earth
• the rise of two or more species from one existing species

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