Reqd SCOTUS & Foundational Docs

Which principle was the focus of the U.S Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona?

• Freedom of expression
• Freedom of Speech
• Self-Incrimination
• Right to Counsel

Which part of the US Constitution outlines judicial power?

• First Amendment
• Bill of Rights
• Preamble
• Article III

The principle of Judicial Review allows the Supreme Court to...

• Find persons innocent or guilty 
• Limit the number of cases they hear
• Determine if a law is unconstitutional
• Determine who will be the next chief justice

Upheld the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal".

• Brown v. Board of Education
• Plessy v. Ferguson
• Gideon v. Wainwright

Ruled that courts are required to provide counsel in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford their own attorneys.

• United States v. Nixon
• Marbury v. Madison
• Gideon v. Wainwright

No state shall…deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law.”  

• Supremacy Clause
• Equal Protection Clause
• Elastic Clause
• Necessary and Proper Clause

This ruling explicitly outlawed racial segregation of public education facilities (legal establishment of separate government-run schools for blacks and whites), ruling so on the grounds that the doctrine of "separate but equal" public education could never truly provide black Americans with facilities of the same standards available to white Americans

• Brown vs Board of Ed

• Escobedo vs ILL

• Dred Scott vs Sanford

• Gregg vs Georgia

This ruling determined that it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and require its recitation in public schools, even when it is non-denominational and students may excuse themselves from participation.

• Engel v. Vitale

• Gibbons v. Ogden

• Furman v. Georgia

• Escobedo v. Illinois

This ruling held that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment protection against "unreasonable searches and seizures" must be excluded from criminal prosecutions in state courts, as well as federal courts.

• Mapp v. Ohio, 1961

• Miranda v. Arizona, 1966

• McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819

• Marbury v. Madison, 1803

This landmark ruling held that basis for the exercise of judicial review of Federal statutes by the United States Supreme Court under Article Three of the United States Constitution is legal.

• McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819

• Marbury v. Madison, 1803

• Miranda v. Arizona, 1966

• New Jersey v. TLO, 1985