Quizezz EOC Review Chapter 8: Imperialism

Which of the following provides the best evidence in support of the view that Americans went to war with Spain in 1898 for humanitarian purposes? (pg. 169)

• Anti-imperialists feared colonies would eventually become a source of cheap labor.

• Mark Twain said, “We do not intend to free but to subjugate the people of the Philippines."

• President Cleveland had previously refused to annex Hawaii when U.S. landowners had overthrown Queen Liliuokalani by force.

• Congress passed the Teller Amendment and promised that the United States would not annex Cuba, even if it won the war.

Answer explanation

The Teller Amendment indicates that the U.S. aimed to liberate Cuba rather than annex it, supporting the humanitarian rationale for the war. This contrasts with imperialist motives, highlighting a commitment to Cuban sovereignty.

 How did the Platt Amendment differ from the Teller Amendment? (pgs. 169-170)

• The Platt Amendment promised that the United States would never intervene again in Cuba.

• The Platt Amendment overturned the Teller Amendment by authorizing the United States to annex Cuba.

• The Platt Amendment preserved Cuban independence but claimed the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.

• The Platt Amendment promised that the United States would leave Cuba as soon as its independence from Spain was secured.

Answer explanation

The Platt Amendment allowed U.S. intervention in Cuba while maintaining its independence, contrasting with the Teller Amendment, which promised not to annex Cuba after the Spanish-American War.

 Before 1898, most Americans had opposed imperialism. Why did imperialism suddenly become more popular in the United States by the end of the century?

• Americans felt it was against the principles of democracy to rule over others

• Americans wanted to sell goods to new markets and buy raw materials for new industries.

• Americans wanted to rule others because America had once been a British Colony.

• Americans feared imperialism would bring the United States into conflict with other powers.

Answer explanation

By the end of the century, Americans recognized the economic benefits of imperialism, seeking new markets for their goods and access to raw materials to fuel industrial growth, making this choice the most appealing.

Why is the Spanish American War of 1898 often considered a major turning point in U.S. history?

• It revealed that the United States had become a world power.

• It marked the first American victory over a European power.

• It demonstrated the need for better communications in wartime.

• It showed American support for European economic interests in East Asia.

Answer explanation

The Spanish American War of 1898 marked a significant shift, showcasing the United States as a formidable world power, capable of defeating a European nation, thus altering its global standing and influence.

Which of these was a negative result of the construction of the Panama Canal?

• The shortest water route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans was

  reduced by 8,000 nautical miles

• Colombia and other Latin American countries resented U.S. interference

  in the Panamanian revolt against Colombia.

• Vast quantities of war materials and troops could now move quickly

  between the East and West Coasts of the United States in the event of war.

• Large numbers of ocean-going merchant vessels could pass through the

  canal annually, most of which were headed to or from U.S. ports

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights the resentment from Colombia and other Latin American countries towards U.S. interference in the Panamanian revolt, which created lasting tensions and negative perceptions of U.S. involvement in the region.

After observing how the European great powers had carved out "spheres of

influence"

in China, what action did U.S. Secretary of State Hays propose?

• The United States would help the Boxers to overthrow foreign influence

  in China.

• The United States and other foreign nations should enjoy equal trading

  rights in China.

• The United States would help China to recover all pf the lands taken by

  European powers.

• The United States would blockade all Chinese ports if it was not given

  control of Hong Kong.

Answer explanation

U.S. Secretary of State Hay proposed that the United States and other foreign nations should enjoy equal trading rights in China, ensuring that no single power dominated trade, which was crucial for U.S. interests.

Which exiled Cuban leader raised money in Ybor City and other cities in

Florida to organize a new revolt against Spanish rule in Cuba?

• Enrique Dupuy de Lôme

• Vicente Martinez Ybor

• Emilio Arguinaldo

• Jose Marti

Answer explanation

Jose Marti was a key figure in the Cuban independence movement who raised funds in Ybor City and other Florida cities to support a revolt against Spanish rule in Cuba, making him the correct answer.

What is the main idea of this political cartoon?

• President McKinley and the Senate pushed through Hawaiian Annexation despite opposition at home and in Hawaii

• Most Americans supported annexing Hawaii

• Most Hawaiians preferred to be annexed by America over Japan

• President McKinley would have preferred Hawaii remain independent

Answer explanation

The cartoon illustrates how President McKinley and the Senate prioritized Hawaiian Annexation despite facing significant opposition both domestically and from Hawaiians, highlighting the political maneuvering involved.

What was an argument used to justify imperialism?

• Imperialism was contrary to America's values

• Colonial peoples are inviting American leadership to develop their economies

• American industries need raw materials and markets found overseas

• Imperialist expansion threatens to bring the United States into conflict with European powers

Answer explanation

One argument for imperialism was that American industries required raw materials and markets found overseas, which justified expansion to support economic growth.

How did engineers overcome the obstacles that the geography of Panama posed to the building of the Panama Canal? (pgs. 172-173)

• They built new paved roads so that a greater number of dump trucks could remove the excavated earth.

  
  

• They used pneumatic drills and dynamite to remove several of Panamas mountains, making construction of the canal easier.

• They used steam shovels to dredge the interior lake and bring its elevation down to sea level to build a sea-level canal.

• They sprayed insecticides to kill mosquitoes and built concrete locks to raise ships to a higher elevation.

Answer explanation

Engineers faced geographical challenges in Panama, including disease and elevation. They sprayed insecticides to combat mosquito-borne illnesses and constructed concrete locks to manage the elevation changes for ships, facilitating canal operation.