Biology EOC Review-Organisms, Populations and Ecosystems

How does the predator-prey relationship affect a population?

• The predators and prey are in competition with each other.

• Usually either the predator or the prey will become extinct.

• The predator species usually has exponential growth.

• The relationship controls the population size of both species.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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Which of the following are abiotic factors that shape ecosystems? 

• worms, plants and temperature

• wind, precipitation, and soil type

• niches, trees, and bacteria

• sunlight, mushrooms, and wind

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which of the following is true? 

• Growth and immigration rate is equal to death and emigration rate.

• Growth and immigration rate is greater than death and emigration rate.

• Growth and immigration rate is less than death and emigration rate.

• Growth rate is exponential.

Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the top of an energy pyramid?

• clams - a primary consumer

• sardines - a primary consumer

• sharks - a secondary consumer

• kelp - a primary producer

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

In a process called transpiration, plants get rid of excess water through pores in the leaves called stomata. This excess water is then released into the atmosphere as part of the water cycle. Which of the following terms best describes how the released water enters the atmosphere?

• condensation

• precipitation

• evaporation

• capillary action

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

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The framework of organic molecules essential to all organisms is composed mainly of carbon atoms. Which processes are involved in the cycling of carbon within an environment? 

• diffusion and transpiration

• evaporation and condensation

• transcription and translation

• photosynthesis and respiration

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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Salt water is an abundant resource but unusable for irrigation and drinking. As demands on freshwater sources increase, the use of desalination processes to remove salt from ocean water is increasing. A concern of desalinating water is the large amounts of recovered salts that are returned to the ocean. Which of the following describes the most likely impact of desalination on the surrounding ocean environment? 

• Methane gas would pollute the ocean environment as shoreline organisms begin to die and decay.

• Alteration in ocean salt levels would cause loss of species and unbalanced populations in marine food webs.

• Nonrenewable resources in the ocean environment would become depleted and upset the ecosystem's balance.

• Increased levels of salts and minerals in the ocean would result in overpopulation of marine bivalves due to strengthened shells.

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NGSS.HS-LS2-6

A strip mining company wants to lease some land that is currently part of a national park. They promise to reclaim the land should any minerals be mined from the area, and they are willing to pay top dollar for the rights. As an ecologist, what factors would you raise with the local government? 

• the threat to local biodiversity

• management of the land after the company leaves

• the new jobs that would be created

• the increased traffic in the area

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

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A community is concerned about the water quality of a nearby lake. Increased sedimentation in the lake is endangering the native habitat. The increased sedimentation is most likely caused by which of the following?

• trees planted along the shore of the lake

• construction of homes along the lake

• the amount of sunlight on the lake

• the amount of fish in the lake

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2