CIE Chemistry Review quiz

Which statement about the atoms of all the isotopes of carbon is correct?

• They are all radioactive.

• They have the same mass.

• They have the same number of neutrons.

• They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell.

Ethanol is a member of the homologous series of alcohols.

Give two characteristics of members of a homologous series.

Answer explanation

• same general formula

• similar chemical properties

• consecutive members differ by CH2

• same functional group

• common/similar methods of preparation

• physical properties and vary in predictable manner or show trends

Ethanol can be manufactured from ethene.

Ethene can be made from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane, C₁₀H₂₂.

Ethene is then converted into ethanol.

(i) Name the process used to obtain ethene from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane, C₁₀H₂₂. [1]

Ethanol can be manufactured from ethene.

Ethene can be made from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane, C₁₀H₂₂.

Ethene is then converted into ethanol.

(ii) Complete the chemical equation to show the formation of ethene from decane, C₁₀H₂₂.

C₁₀H₂₂ → C₄H₈ + ................... + ................... [2]

Ethanol can be manufactured from ethene.

Ethene can be made from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane, C₁₀H₂₂.

Ethene is then converted into ethanol.

(iii) Write the chemical equation for the conversion of ethene into ethanol.

Answer explanation

C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH

Ethanol can be manufactured from ethene.

Ethene can be made from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane, C₁₀H₂₂.

Ethene is then converted into ethanol.

(iv) Name the type of reaction occurring when ethene is converted into ethanol.

Ethanol can be manufactured from ethene.

Ethene can be made from long chain hydrocarbons such as decane, C₁₀H₂₂.

Ethene is then converted into ethanol.

(v) Give one condition for the reaction in which ethene is converted into ethanol.

Ethanol can also be produced by fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose.

Give two advantages of manufacturing ethanol by fermentation compared to manufacturing ethanol from ethene

Answer explanation

any 2 of:

• carbohydrates are renewable

• fossil fuels are non-renewable OR fossil fuels conserved

• lower temperature OR lower energy

• hydration is equilibrium meaning lower yield

• lower pressure (used)

State the type of chemical reaction between ethene and chlorine that this equation shows.

Chloroethene monomers can be converted into a polymer called poly(chloroethene).

State the type of polymerisation that produces poly(chloroethene) from chloroethene.