BIO EOC REVIEW DAY 15

SC.912.L.16.17

   Use the chart to answer the following question.

Which row in the chart below indicates the correct process for each event indicated?

• A. Row (1)

• B. Row (2)

• C. Row (3)

• D. Row (4)

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There are two types of reproduction: sexual and asexual. Each type has multiple mechanisms that allow for that type of reproduction and benefits. Mitosis and meiosis are two examples of mechanisms for reproduction. Why does the process of meiosis allow for greater possibility of genetic diversity than the process of mitosis?

• A.    Mitosis is the process by which new cells are generated, thereby increasing genetic diversity, and meiosis is the process where exact replica daughter cells are produced.

• B. Meiosis increases the chromosome number by 4, enabling sexual reproduction to occur while mitosis decreases the chromosome number by half and does not increase possible combinations.

• C. During meiosis, cross over in Prophase I allows for the random swap of genetic material while the process of mitosis does not include cross over.

• D.   During mitosis, mutations in genes that encode cell-cycle proteins can lead to unregulated growth and genetic variation while the process does not occur during meiosis.

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SC.912.L.16.17

Use the diagram to answer the question.

Which statement regarding these methods of reproduction is correct?   

• A. They are both forms of asexual reproduction.

• B. They are both forms of sexual reproduction.

• C. Method A is a form of asexual reproduction and method B is a form of sexual reproduction.

• D. Method A is a form of sexual reproduction and method B is a form of asexual reproduction.

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SC.912.L.16.17

   Mitosis and meiosis are both important and necessary processes for eukaryotic organisms.  Which of the following is the best description of the purpose of mitosis?

   

• A. creation of new genetically unique offspring

• B.   growth and repair of asexually reproduced cells

• C. creation of gametes for sexual reproduction

• D.   creation of four daughter cells with half the amount of genetic information

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Two kittens in a litter are genetically different from each other and from their parents. These genetic differences are most directly due to...

• A. sexual reproduction

• B. asexual reproduction

• C. cloning

• D. evolution

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SC.912.L.15.13

   During meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up next to each other. In some cases, one arm of a chromatid crosses over the arm of another chromatid. What is the result of this process?

• A.   the creation of an additional sex cell

• B. continuity of the offspring cell’s DNA

• C. the independent assortment of genetic material

• D. additional variation in the DNA of each sex cell formed

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SC.912.L.15.13 

Conservation biologists studying cheetah populations have determined that the lack of genetic diversity among the cheetahs is due to genetic drift. Which statement explains the most likely consequence of having a low genetic diversity on the cheetah population?

• A. The chances of a mutation occurring in the cheetah population are decreased, increasing the cheetah survival rate.

• B. The gene pool remains in equilibrium and future generations of cheetah offspring are stronger and better adapted to their environments.

• C. The cheetah population becomes less likely to survive an outbreak of a disease or an environmental change, increasing the chance of species extinction.

• D. Genetic variability is maintained from older cheetah populations that have survived and endured environmental stressors.

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   Male guppies found in areas without predators are more colorful than the ones found in locations with large predator populations. A population of adult guppies originating from an area with a large number of predators is transferred to a nearby area with few predators. Which of these is most likely to happen over a few generations?

• A.   The mortality rate of the guppies will increase.

• B. Offspring will stop competing for resources.

• C. There will be an increase in mutations in the offspring.

• D.   There will be an increase in the number of colorful guppies.

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SC.912.L.15.13

   The Mexican long-nosed bat roosts in Big Bend National Park in West Texas. The bat feeds on nectar and pollen and hovers while it feeds. Additionally, its tongue can extend up to eight centimeters. Which of the following best explains why the features of Mexican long-nosed bats are evidence of natural selection?    

• A.   The features are adaptations that lead to an increase in predation by other species of animals.

• B. The features are adaptations that show that most DNA mutations are necessary and advantageous but do not increase survival or reproductive success.

• C. The features are adaptations that help individuals outcompete other individuals for food resources to increase survival and reproductive success.

• D. The features are adaptations that are the result of intentional breeding.

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SC.912.L.15.13

    In North American forests, two species of birds, nuthatches and brown creepers, forage on the same trees for insects. Brown creepers feed on insects found near the bottom of the tree trunk, while nuthatches feed on insects in the top part of the tree. Which of the following best explains how the difference in foraging behavior most likely affects the nuthatches and brown creepers?

  

• A. allowing the birds to avoid many types of predators

• B. reducing competition between the birds for resources

• C. preventing the birds from interbreeding with each other

• D.   establishing dominance between the birds for nesting sites

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