Med-Surg Exam 1

Which condition that exhibits blood values with a low pH and a low plasma bicarbonate concentration should the nurse assess for?

• Respiratory Acidosis

• Respiratory Alkalosis

• Metabolic Acidosis

• Metabolic Alkalosis

Hyperventilation is the most common cause of which acid base imbalance?

• Respiratory Acidosis

• Respiratory Alkalosis

• Metabolic Acidosis

• Metabolic Alkalosis

Severe vomiting or NG suction is the most common cause of which acid base imbalance?

• Respiratory Acidosis

• Respiratory Alkalosis

• Metabolic Acidosis

• Metabolic Alkalosis

What is the role of the kidneys in metabolic acidosis?

• The kidneys retain hydrogen ions and excrete bicarbonate ions

• The kidneys excrete hydrogen ions and conserve bicarbonate ions

• The kidneys react rapidly to compensate for imbalances

• The kidneys regulate bicarbonate in the intracellular fluid

In metabolic alkalosis, the lungs compensate by

• Increasing the respiratory rate

• Decreasing respiratory rate

• Excreting hydrogen ions

• Retaining hydrogen ions

Which may occur as a result of metabolic acidosis?

• Hyperkalemia

• Hypokalemia

• Hypocalcemia

• Hyperventilation

pH: 7.33

paCO2: 35

HCO3-: 18

What do these levels indicate?

pH: 7.38

paCO2: 54

HCO3-: 31

What do these levels indicate?

pH: 7.51

paCO2: 37

HCO3-: 31

What do these levels indicate?

pH: 7.52

paCO2: 60

HCO3-: 47

What do these levels indicate?