Ecosystems and Communities

The study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment

• Succession

• Biodiversity

• Ecology

• Biodiversity

How an organism makes its living and interacts with the biotic and abiotic factors in its habitat

• Predation

• Prey

• Competition

• Niche

Any relationship in which 2 species live closely together and that benefits at least one of the species.

• Symbiosis

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

The series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time

• Succession

• Biodiversity

• Ecology

• Biodiversity

An owl and a hawk both eat mice. Which of these describes the relationship between a hawk and an owl?

• parasitism

• competition

• predation

• mutualism

Camouflage typically evolves as a result of

• mutualism.

• herbivory.

• predation.

• interspecific competition.

When a New England farm is abandoned, its formerly plowed fields first become weedy meadows, then shrubby areas, and finally forest. This sequence of plant communities is an example of

• secondary succession.

• evolution.

• primary succession

• a trophic chain.

The symbiotic relationship between a flower and the insect that feeds on its nectar is an example of

• mutualism because the flower provides the insect with food and the insect pollinates the flower.

• parasitism because the insect lives off the nectar from the flower.

• commensalism because the insect doesn't harm the flower, and the flower doesn't benefit from the relationship.

• predation because the insect feeds on the flower.

Several species of warblers can live in the same spruce tree ONLY because they

• have different habitats within the tree.

• eat different foods within the tree.

• occupy different niches within the tree.

• can find different temperatures within the tree.

What is one difference between primary and secondary succession?

• Primary succession is slow, and secondary succession is rapid.

• Secondary succession begins on soil, and primary succession begins on newly exposed surfaces.

• Primary succession modifies the environment, and secondary succession does not.

• Secondary succession begins with lichens, and primary succession begins with trees.