GEO-HISTORY FINAL EXAM REVIEW

What is the name of the huge desert that covers northern Africa? (a)  

• Sahara
• Arabian
• Gobi
• Kalahari

One of the most important motives for the European imperialism in Africa in the late 1800s was that Africa provided a source of

• religious conversion of Africans

• slaves for the American colonies

• raw materials used in industry

• new technology to gain from Africans

The Berlin Conference of 1885:

• Was attended by Europeans, Africans, the Ottoman Empire and the U.S.
• Decided how to split up Berlin
• Created rules for how to divide to ensure that their areas were protected from each other. Ended up leading to Africa being divided without regard to existing political or cultural groups

• Gave all of Africa to either Great Britain and France

The Europeans were mostly successful against Africans in battle, partly due to: (a)  

• Better weapons
• More soldiers
• Advanced hand combat strategy
• Immune to disease

Which challenge did many African nations face after gaining independence?

• violence from rival groups living together
• lack of education / government training to run a country 
• economy dependent on the European country that colonized them
• All of the above 

 Which was NOT a European country that colonized Africa in the 19th century?

• France
• Great Britain
• Portugal
• Poland 

European countries wanted the ________ in Africa so they could take them back to their mills and factories in Europe to make ________ to sell and make money from.  

• raw materials; finished goods
• finished goods; raw materials
• natural resources; raw materials
• fossil fuels; finished goods 

Which best describes colonization?

• country creates separate territories that they rule
• country expands its borders to include more land
• country converts people to the same religion and language
• country chooses a new leader to run government 

Nelson Mandela was the leader of which group? 

• African National Congress
• United Somali Congress
• African Union
• National Party 

By 1914, which of the following was true of Africa?

• Almost all of Africa had gained their independence
• Nearly every colony was involved in a revolt 
• European nations controlled almost all of Africa
• Many large and industrialized cities had been built up by Europeans