APUSH Final Exam Review 2022

All of the following contributed to the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment legislating Prohibition in 1919 EXCEPT

• the cumulative impact of state prohibition laws

• the fervor of the First World War lending patriotism to the cause of prohibition

• the Progressive belief in social reform

• the high death toll from alcohol-related automobile accidents

Trust in the effectiveness of the United States government declined in the 1970s most directly in response to the

• increased power of the women’s rights movement

• revelation of political scandals in the executive branch

• expansion of nuclear weapon arsenals

• passage of civil rights reforms

The purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to

• ease the economic difficulties of sharecroppers and tenant farmers

• provide for the distribution of surplus meat and produce to the poor

• raise farm prices by limiting agricultural production

• expand agricultural production by subsidizing farmers

All of the following account for nativist sentiment against the “new immigrants” of the late nineteenth century EXCEPT that the immigrants

• practiced different religions

• were not familiar with the United States political system

• had different languages and cultures

• were willing to work for lower wages than were native-born workers

• dominate the professions of law, medicine, and engineering

The 1920s photograph above illustrates a production process that led to

• government ownership of the automobile industry

• the promotion of individual craftsmanship and pride among workers and artisans

• lower prices and greater availability for mass-produced consumer goods

• the establishment of training and educational requirements for workers

William M. "Boss" Tweed: "As long as I count the votes, what are you going to do about it?"

The image was created most directly in response to

• social reform efforts by settlement-house workers

• poll taxes and literacy tests that blocked African Americans from voting

• the power gained by urban political machines

• the exclusion of women from voting

The unanimous Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka stated that segregated schools were unconstitutional because

• parallel school systems for White and Black children resulted in wasteful duplication of government services

• the Soviet Sputnik satellite made it clear that the segregated public school system had contributed to the decline of scientific skills in the United States

• separation of students based solely on race constituted inherently unequal treatment

• racial injustice made it difficult for the United States to appeal to peoples of recently decolonized countries in Africa and Asia during the Cold War

The presidency of Jimmy Carter (1977–1981) was plagued by which of the following foreign policy issues?

• The taking of American hostages in Iran

• The Cuban missile crisis

• The bombing of the United States embassy in Lebanon

• The crisis in Nicaragua

The Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s successfully eliminated

• legal segregation

• rural poverty

• discrimination in hiring practices

• urban riots

“Competition is a law of nature . . . and can no more be done away with than gravitation. . . . [I]f we do not like survival of the fittest, we have only one possible alternative, survival of the unfittest. The former is the law of civilization, the latter is the law of anti-civilization.”

The quote above is an example of which of the following schools of thought?

• Utopian socialism

• Social Darwinism

• Transcendentalism

• doctrine of "separate but equal"