PHYL 141 - Chapter 6 - Part 1

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

• The cranium, rib cage and vertebrae protect important internal organs from injury

• All of these statements are correct.

• The skeleton provides a structural framework for the body.

• Bone releases minerals as needed to maintain homeostasis.

• Bone stores calcium and phosphorus.

Hematopoiesis takes place in the ________ of some adult bones.

• Yellow bone marrow

• Canaliculi

• Red bone marrow

• Osteons

• Periosteum

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

• Diaphysis – shaft of bone

• Articular cartilage – composed of elastic cartilage to allow flexibility at joints

• Epiphyseal growth plate – found in the metaphysis of a growing bone

• Epiphysis – found at the proximal and distal ends of the bone

• Endosteum – lines the medullary cavity of long bone

Write True or False: Bone is considered a connective tissue because it contains cells in a matrix with fibers.

________ contribute(s) to the hardness of bone while ________ give(s) it flexibility.v

• Mineral salts; collagen and other organics

• Collagen and other organics; mineral salts

• Proteins; hydroxyapatite

• Yellow bone marrow; collagen and other organics

Which of the following is mismatched?

• Osteogenic cells – give rise to osteoblasts

• Osteocytes – maintain bone tissue

• Osteoblasts – secrete matrix material

• Osteoclasts –are derived from osteocytes and break down bone tissue

From most to least, the extracellular matrix of bone tissue contains:

• Collagen, crystallized mineral salts, water

• Water, crystallized mineral salts, collagen

• Crystallized mineral salts, collagen, water

• Water, crystallized mineral salts, collagen

• Collagen, water, crystallized mineral salts

Which of the following is mismatched?

• Periosteal arteries – supply the periosteum and outer part of the bone.

• The nutrient arteries enter through Volkmann’s canals and supply the inner and outer part of the bone.

• Metaphyseal arteries help to supply the red bone marrow and tissue of the metaphysis.

• Epiphyseal arteries supply the epiphysis red bone marrow and tissue.

Write True or False: Pain is associated with a bone marrow needle biopsy because the periosteum is rich in sensory nerves some of which carry pain sensations.

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

• Intramembranous and endochondral ossification both involve replacement of preexisting connective tissue with bone.

• Intramembranous ossification is the method by which flat bones of the skull, some facial bones, the mandible, and part of the clavicle are formed.

• Endochondral ossification is the method by which most of the bones of the body are formed.

• Endochondral ossification begins with development of an ossification center.