Chapter 7- Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Plasma is one example of

• extracellular fluid

• intracellular fluid

• tissue fluid

• metabolic water

Which of the following is a critical function of water?

• It dissolves fat-soluble vitamins

• Its relatively low capacity for heat keeps the body warm

• It provides protection for the brain and spinal cord

• All of the above are true

Which of the following is true of the cell membrane?

• It is freely permeable to electrolytes but not to water

• It is freely permeable to water but not to electrolytes

• It is freely permeable to both water and electrolytes

• It is freely permeable to neither water nor electrolytes

We lose fluids through

• sweat

• breath

• feces

• all of the above

Which of the following is the most healthful beverage for most people most of the time?

• tap water

• vitamin water sweetened with honey

• tomato or other vegetable juice

• black coffee with non-caloric sweetener

Which of the following statements about sodium is true?

• One serving of ramen noodle soup provides nearly half the AI for sodium

• High-sodium diets are the primary cause of hypertension

• The kidney's excretion and reabsorption of sodium contribute to blood pressure regulation

• Sodium intake should be kept to an absolute minimum

Which of the following is a characteristic of potassium?

• It is the major positively charged electrolyte in the extracellular fluid

• It can be found in fresh fruits and vegetables

• It is a critical component of the mineral complex of bone

• It is found only in plants, not in animals

Which of the following factors commonly contributes to dehydration?

• drinking too much plain water while active in a hot environment

• sweating and breathing heavily while active in a hot environment

• failure of the body's heat-regulating mechanism

• failure of the kidneys to excrete sufficient water

The chemical most commonly used to treat and purify public water supplies is chlorine.

• True

• False

Chloride's only important body function is to help maintain fluid balance.

• True

• False