EMT Chapter 18

The three major parts of the brain are the:

• cerebellum, medulla, and occiput

•  brain stem, midbrain, and spinal cord

• midbrain, cerebellum, and spinal cord

•  cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem

The most basic functions of the body, such as breathing, blood pressure, and swallowing, are controlled by the:

•  brain stem

• cerebrum

• cerebellum

• cerebral cortex

Muscle control and body coordination are controlled by the:

• cerebrum

• cerebellum

• brain stem

• cerebral cortex

The spinal cord exits the cranium through the:

• foramen magnum

• vertebral foramen

•  foramen lamina

• cauda equina

Which of the following MOST accurately describes the cause of an ischemic stroke?

• Blockage of a cerebral artery

• Acute atherosclerotic disease

• Rupture of a cerebral artery

• Narrowing of a carotid artery

Which of the following clinical signs is MOST suggestive of a ruptured aneurysm?

• Unilateral hemiparesis

• Confusion and weakness

• Nasal discharge of blood

• Sudden, severe headache

Which of the following findings should concern the EMT the MOST when assessing a patient who complains of a headache?

• Sinus congestion

• Neck stiffness or pain

• History of migraines

• Slow onset of symptoms

Which of the following is characteristic of a focal-onset aware seizure?

• Absence of breathing

• Normal level of consciousness

• No change in vision, smell, or taste

•  Generalized twitching of all muscles

Febrile seizures:

•  often result in permanent brain damage

• are also referred to as absence seizures

• are usually benign but should be evaluated

• occur when a child’s fever rises slowly

 A patient with an altered mental status is:

• completely unresponsive to all forms of stimuli

•  typically alert but is confused as to preceding events

• usually able to be aroused with a painful stimulus

•  not thinking clearly or is incapable of being aroused