Experimental Designs (IB Psychology)

The experimental group is:

• Study in which neither the experimenter nor the subjects know if the subjects are in the experimental or control group

• study in which the subject do not know if they are in the experimental group or control group

• subjects in an experiment who are not subjected to the independent variable and may receive a placebo treatment

• the group to which the researchers manipulate the independent variable

An advantage of a repeated measures design

• drop outs

• Experimental group results influence control group results

• fewer participants

• Confounding participant variables will be eliminated

Larger numbers of participants required is a disadvantage of

• repeated measures design

• matched participants design

• independent groups design

Which answer provides examples of participant variables/differences?

• independent variables, dependent variables

• time of day, noise level, temperature, location

• prior experience, motivation, intelligence, educational background

• extraneous variables, confounding variables

_______________ is an advantage of an independent-groups experimental design; ______________ is a disadvantage.

• Complexity of administration | the possibility of order effects
• Ease of administration | the possibility of participant variables influencing the outcome
• Complexity of administration | intrusive pre-testing
• Ease of administration | the possibility of order effects

_______________ is an advantage of a repeated-measures experimental design; ______________ may be a disadvantage.

• Reducing the effect of situational variables | order effects
• Ease of administration | possible confounding participant variables
• Reducing the effect of participant variables | order effects
• Complexity of administration | the influence of situational variables

Counterbalancing is a procedure that is intended to reduce ______________ in a/n ______________ design.

• order effects | independent-groups
• order effects | repeated-measures
• the influence of participant variables | matched-participants
• the influence of participant variables | independent-groups

Which group in an experiment is exposed to the independent variable?

• Control Group

• Experimental Group

• Participant Group

• All groups

When performance of one task by participants in an experiment affects their performance in a second experimental task, this confounding variable is commonly referred to as a/an

• Order effect

• Placebo effect

• Experimenter effect

• Confounding effect

Ms. Larkin is researching whether caffeine affects how well her students can concentrate in class. She is particularly concerned about controlling individual participant differences. To eliminate the effects of this extraneous variable, Ms. Larkin should:

• Use a repeated measures design

• Use an independent measures design with a large sample

• Use a control group

• Use an independent measures design with a small sample