IB Bio 2.1

Which process is an example of catabolism?

• A. Translation of mRNA

• B. Replication of DNA

• C. Hydrolysis of protein

• D. Synthesis of a disaccharide

Which molecule is depicted in the diagram?

• A. A saturated fatty acid

• B. An unsaturated fatty acid

• C. A trans fat

• D. A vegetable oil

What distinguishes cellulose from glycogen and starch?

• A. Only cellulose is found in plants.

• B. Only cellulose is made up of glucose monomers.

• C. Cellulose is far more branched than starch and glycogen.

• D. Cellulose has a structural role whereas starch and glycogen function in energy storage.

The diagram shows the structure of palmitic acid.The diagram shows the structure of palmitic acid.

What type of fatty acid is palmitic acid?

• A. It is monounsaturated.

• B. It is polyunsaturated.

• C. It is saturated.

• D. It is a trans-fatty acid.

The diagram shows a cycle of reactions that occurs in human liver cells.

Which term describes the overall reactions of this cycle?

• A. Oxidation

• B. Catabolism

• C. Condensation

• D. Metabolism

Which molecule diagram corresponds to the name?

• A. D-ribose

• B. Amino Acid

• C. Phospholipid

• D. Beta D-Glucose

Cladograms can be created by comparing DNA or protein sequences. The cladogram on the left is based on DNA sequences and the cladogram on the right is based on comparing protein sequences.

What is the reason that cladograms based on DNA sequences are more reliable predictors of the phylogenetic relationship of species than cladograms based on protein sequences?

• A. Amino acids are not as chemically stable as DNA nucleotides.

• B. DNA mutates but amino acids do not.

• C. Several different triplets of bases can code for the same amino acid.

• D. There are 20 different amino acids but only 4 nucleotides

How can the activity of a human amylase enzyme be increased during a laboratory experiment?

• A. Adding sugar to the mixture

• B. Decreasing the pH from 7 to 3

• C. Increasing the temperature from 20 °C to 37 °C

• D. Adding water to the mixture

What are the most frequently occurring elements in living organisms?

• A. calcium, phosphorus, iron and sodium

• B. calcium, sodium, nitrogen and phosphorus

• C. carbon, phosphorus, oxygen and nitrogen

• D. nitrogen, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen

The image shows the structural formula of a molecule.

What is this molecule?

• A. Amino acid

• B. Ribose

• C. Deoxyribose

• D. Lactose