Theories of Learning

This theory was based on the view that learning is a process in which specific behaviors are acquired in response to specific stimuli. Learning was said to involve habit formation through repetition and reinforcement.

• Interactional Theory 

• Behaviorism 

• Sociocultural learning theory

• Constructivism

Cognitive-code learning was developed in the 1960s as an alternative to behaviorism and views language learning as:

• A creative process that has common features regardless of the learner´s language background.

• The result from dialogue between a learner and a more knowledgeable other person.

• The result from the learner´s internal construction of meaning.

• A cognitive process depending on both deductive and inductive learning as well as meaningful practice.

This theory suggests that learning is not simply a question of reproducing input but a creative process that has common features regardless of the learner´s language background.

• Creative-construction hypothesis

• Constructivism

• Interactional Theory

• Functional Model

This theory suggests that complex uses of language are made up of a hierarchy of skills.

• Individual Factors 

• Constructivism 

• Lexical Model

• Skill learning

Choose True or False. 

According to the Interactional Theory, learning is an interactive process and depends on learners working together to achieve mutual understanding.

• True

• False

This theory shows that learning is seen in concepts as restructuring, schema theory, and scaffolding.

• Skill learning

• Constructivism

• Behaviorism

• Cognitive-code learning

 This theory views language learning as resulting from dialogue between a learner and a more knowledgeable other person.

• Creative construction hypothesis

• Constructivism

• Sociocultural learning theory

• Individual factors

Some examples of individual factors are:

• Shyness, anxiety, enthusiasm, motivation & learning strategies

• Hunger, irresponsibility, illness, boredom & distractions